A note on Sen's theory in the imperfect residue field case
Let \(p\) be a prime number and let \(K\) be a complete discrete valuation field of mixed characteristic \((0, p)\). Let \(k\) be the residue field and assume that \([k:k^p]=p^d<\infty\) with \(d\geq 0\). The case \(d=0\) is the separable case and \(d\geq 1\) corresponds to the inseparable case. Let \({\mathbb C}_p\) be the completion of an algebraic closure \(\bar{K}\) of \(K\). Let \(t_1,\ldots,t_d\in K\) be a lift of a \(p\)--basis of \(k\) and let \(K_{\infty}:=K(\zeta_{p^{\infty}},t_1^{p^{-\infty}},\ldots, t_d^{p^{-\infty}})\). Let \(G_K:=\mathrm{Gal}(\bar{K}/K)\) and \(\Gamma:=\mathrm{Gal} (K_{\infty}/K)\). In [Invent. Math. 62, 89--116 (1980; Zbl 0463.12005)], \textit{S. Sen} developed a theory of \(p\)--adic representations and \textit{O. Brinon} [Math. Ann. 327, No. 4, 793--813 (2003; Zbl 1072.11089)] generalized Sen's theory to the imperfect residue field case. Brinon established a canonical equivalence of categories \(\mathrm{Rep}_{{\mathbb C}_p} G_K \to \mathrm{Rep}_{K_{\infty}} \Gamma\) where for a commutative topological field \(R\) and a profinite group \(G\), \(\mathrm{Rep}_R G\) denotes the Tannakian category of \(R\)--representations of \(G\). Next he defined a functor \(\mathrm{Rep}_{K_{\infty}}\Gamma\to \mathrm{Rep}\, {\mathfrak g}_{K_{\infty}}\) where \(\mathrm{Rep}\, {\mathfrak g}_{K_{\infty}}\) is the category of \(K_{\infty}\)--linear representations of \({\mathfrak g}= \mathrm{Lie}(\Gamma)\). Let \(D_{\text{sen}}\) be the composite of these two functors. Then Brinon proved that, for a \({\mathbb C}_p\) representation \(V\), the canonical map \(K_{\infty}\otimes_K H^0_{\text{cont}} (G_K,V) \to H^0({\mathfrak g}_{K_{\infty}}, D_{\text{sen}}(V))\) is an isomorphism. In the perfect residue field case, \(d=0\), \textit{J.-M. Fontaine} [Cohomologies \(p\)-adiques et applications arithmétiques. III. Paris: SMF (2004; Zbl 1142.11335)] classified all the indecomposable objects \(\mathrm{Rep}_{{\mathbb C}_p} G_K\) and calculated their \(H^0_{\text{cont}}\) and \(H^1_{\text{cont}}\). The classification depends on the classification theorem of \(\mathrm{Rep}\, {\mathfrak g}_{K_{\infty}}\). For the imperfect residue field case, there is no such classification theorem of \(\mathrm{Rep} \, {\mathfrak g}_{K_{\infty}}\). However, there is a cohomological result for \(\mathrm{Rep}\, {\mathfrak g}_{K_{\infty}}\) and using this result the author proves his main result: there exists a canonical isomorphism of \(\delta\)--functors \[ K_{\infty}\otimes_K H^{\bullet}_{\text{cont}}(G_K,_-)\cong H^{\bullet}({\mathfrak g}_{K_{\infty}}, D_{\text{sen}}(_-)). \] In the process of the proof, it is obtained that for \(V\in\mathrm{Rep}_{ {\mathbb C}_p} G_K\), the \(K\)--vector space \(H^q_{\text{cont}}(G_K,V)\) is finite dimensional, vanishes for \(q>d+1\) and \(\sum_{q\in{\mathbb N}} (-1)^q\dim_K H^q_{\text{cont}}(G_K,V)=0\). In an appendix, the author points out some errors in the paper of Brinon [op. cit.] and gives an argument to fix them.
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