Galois theory of B^+_dR in the imperfect residue field case
In [Compos. Math. 117, No. 1, 1--31 (1999; Zbl 0943.11054)], \textit{A. Iovita} and \textit{A. Zaharescu} studied the Galois theory of \(B_{dR}^+\) in the case of a local field \(K\) of mixed characteristic \((0,p)\) with perfect residue field (in fact, they restrict to the case \(K=\mathbb{Q}_p\)). Here \(B_{dR}^+\) is Fontaine's ring of \(p\)-adic periods of \(K\). Denote the maximal ideal of \(B_{dR}^+\) by \(I\), and define \(B_k:=B_{dR}^+/I^{k+1}\) for \(k\geq 0\). For an algebraic extension \(L|K\), let \(\widehat{L}_k\) and \(\widehat{L}_{\infty}\) be the topological closures of \(L\) in \(B_k\) and \(B_{dR}^+\) respectively. The paper cited above addresses the question of when \(\widehat{L}_k=B_k^{G_L}\) (resp. \(\widehat{L}_{\infty}=(B_{dR}^+)^{G_L}),\) and provides a criterion for these equalities in terms of Colmez's higher Kähler differentials. The paper under review generalizes this criterion to the case where \(K\) has an imperfect residue field with a finite \(p\)-basis. The key ingredient of Ohkubo's argument is a new structure theorem for Colmez's higher Kähler differentials (Theorem 4.8). Using this structure theorem, he derives a criterion for the density of \(L\) in the \(G_L\)-invariants of \(B_k\) which involves the higher differentials \(\Omega^{(k)}_{\mathcal{O}_L/\mathcal{O}_K}\) and the quotients \(J_k:=I^k/I^{k+1}\subset{B_k}\): \textbf{Theorem 5.10}: Suppose \(K\) is a local field of mixed characteristic \((0,p)\) with residue field having a finite \(p\)-basis. Let \(L|K\) be an algebraic extension. Then for \(k\geq 1\) the following three conditions are equivalent: (i) \(\widehat{L}_n=B_n^{G_L}\) for \(1\leq n\leq k\); (ii) \(J_n\cap\widehat{L}_n=J_n^{G_L}\) for \(1\leq n\leq k\); (iii) \(\mathbb{Q}_p\otimes_{\mathbb{Z}_p}T_p(\Omega^{(n)}_{\mathcal{O}_L/\mathcal{O}_K}) =J_n^{G_L}\) and \(H^{(n)}_{dR}(L|K)=0\) for \(1\leq n\leq k\). Here \(T_p(-)\) denotes the Tate-module, and the de Rham cohomology is defined as \[ H^{(n)}_{dR}(L|K):= (\Omega^{(n)}_{\mathcal{O}_L/\mathcal{O}_K})_{\text{div}}/d^{(n)}(J_n\cap\widehat{L}_n). \] The final section of the paper refines the preceding theorem in the case where \(L|K\) is deeply ramified (Theorem 6.6), and shows that \(L\) is always dense in the \(G_L\)-invariants of \(B_k\) and \(B_{dR}^+\) whenever \(L|K\) is shallowly ramified (Theorem 6.9).
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