On {\L}ojasiewicz Inequalities and the Effective Putinar's Positivstellensatz

MaRDI QIDQ6420982zbMATH OpenFDO

Authors Lorenzo Baldi, Bernard Mourrain, Adam Parusiński

Publication date 19 December 2022

Abstract: The representation of positive polynomials on a semi-algebraic set in terms of sums of squares is a central question in real algebraic geometry, which the Positivstellensatz answers. In this paper, we study the effective Putinar's Positivestellensatz on a compact basic semialgebraic set $S$ and provide a new proof and new improved bounds on the degree of the representation of positive polynomials. These new bounds involve a parameter $epsilon$ measuring the non-vanishing of the positive function, the constant $c$ and exponent $L$ of a {L}ojasiewicz inequality for the semi-algebraic distance function associated to the inequalities $g=(g_1,\mathrm{...},g_r)$ defining $S$. They are polynomial in $c$ and $epsilo{n}^{-1}$ with an exponent depending only on $L$. We analyse in details the {L}ojasiewicz inequality when the defining inequalties g satisfy the Constraint Qualification Condition. We show that, in this case, the {L}ojasiewicz exponent $L$ is 1 and we relate the {L}ojasiewicz constant $c$ with the distance of $g$ to the set of singular systems.

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