Asymptotic expansion of smooth functions in deterministic and iid Haar unitary matrices, and application to tensor products of matrices

MaRDI QIDQ6425601zbMATH OpenFDO

Authors Félix Parraud

Publication date 6 February 2023

Abstract: Let $U^N$ be a family of $NimesN$ independent Haar unitary random matrices and their adjoints, $Z^N$ a family of deterministic matrices, $P$ a self-adjoint noncommutative polynomial, i.e. such that for any $N$, $P(U^N,Z^N)$ is self-adjoint, $f$ a smooth function. We prove that for any $k$, if $f$ is smooth enough, there exist deterministic constants $alph{a}_i^P(f,Z^N)$ such that ${\displaystyle }$ mathbb{E}left[frac{1}{N} ext{Tr}left( f(P(U^N,Z^N)) ight) ight] = sum_{i=0}^k frac{alpha_i^P(f,Z^N)}{N^{2i}} + mathcal{O}(N^{-2k-2}) .${\displaystyle }$ Besides the constants $alph{a}_i^P(f,Z^N)$ are built explicitly with the help of free probability. As a corollary, we prove that given $alpha<1/2$, for $N$ large enough, every eigenvalue of $P(U^N,Z^N)$ is $N^{-alpha}$-close to the spectrum of $P(u,Z^N)$ where $u$ is a $d$-tuple of free Haar unitaries. We also prove the convergence of the norm of any polynomial $P(U^{N}otimes{I}_M,I_{N}otimes{Y}^M)$ as long as the family $Y^M$ converges strongly and that $MllNl{n}^{-5/2}(N)$.

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