-adic modular symbols over totally real fields
Automorphic forms on (mbox{GL}(2)); Hilbert and Hilbert-Siegel modular groups and their modular and automorphic forms; Hilbert modular surfaces (11F41) Special values of automorphic (L)-series, periods of automorphic forms, cohomology, modular symbols (11F67) Arithmetic aspects of modular and Shimura varieties (11G18)
This paper extends the construction of \textit{R.~Greenberg} and \textit{G.~Stevens} [Invent. Math. 111, No. 2, 407--447 (1993; Zbl 0778.11034)] to the setting of totally real number fields, where the relevant universal Hecke algebras have the structure of Iwasawa algebras in several variables rather than just one. To state the main result (Theorem 3.7), let \(F\) be a totally real number field of degree \(d > 1\). Let \(B\) be a quaternion algebra defined over \(F\), and \(S \subset (B \otimes_F {\mathbb{A}}_{F, f})^{\times}\) a compact open subgroup of the finite adelic points such that \(U_1(\mathfrak n) \subset S \subset U_0(\mathfrak n)\) for some ideal \(\mathfrak n \subset \mathcal{O}_F\). Assume that \(B\) is unramified at all of the nonarchimedean places of \(F\). Assume additionally that \(B\) is unramified at at most one archimedean place, i.e. so that \(B\) is totally definite if \(d\) is even or else split at exactly one archimedean place if \(d\) is odd. Fix an odd rational prime \(p\) coprime to \(\mathfrak n\). Given an integer \(\alpha \geq 0\), let \(S(p^{\alpha}) = S \cap U(p^{\alpha})\), \(S_0(p^{\alpha}) = S \cap U_0(p^{\alpha})\), and \(S_1(p^{\alpha}) = S \cap U_1(p^{\alpha})\). Fix an embedding \(\iota: \overline{\mathbb Q} \rightarrow \overline{\mathbb Q}_p\). Fix a finite extension \(K\) of \(\overline{\mathbb Q}_p\) containing \(\iota \circ \tau (F)\) for each real place \(\tau\) of \(F\). Let \(\mathcal O = \mathcal O_K\). Let \(I = I_F\) to denote the set of real places of \(F\). Fix weight vectors \(n, \nu \in \mathbb Z[I]\) subject to the condition that \(n + 2 \nu \equiv 0 \mod 2t\), where \(t = (1, \ldots, 1) \in \mathbb Z[I]\). Let \(k=\nu + 2t\) and \(w = v + k -t\). Let \[ h_{k,w}^{n, \text{ord}}(S(p^{\alpha}), \mathcal O) \] denote the Hecke algebra over \(\mathcal O\) of the space of \(p\)-nearly ordinary Hilbert modular cusp forms of weight \((k, w)\) and level \(S(p^{\alpha})\). Let \[ \mathcal R = \varprojlim_{\alpha} h_{2t, t}^{n, \text{ord}}(S(p^{\alpha}), \mathcal O) \] denote the associated universal, \(p\)-nearly ordinary Hecke algebra. This algebra \(\mathcal R\) has the natural structure of a \(\mathcal OG\)-module, where \(G\) denotes the profinite group \[ G = \varprojlim_{\alpha} S_0(p^{\alpha}) \mathcal O_F^{\times} / S(p^{\alpha}) \mathcal O_F^{\times}. \] Writing \(W\) to denote the free part of \(G\), the algebra \(\mathcal R\) also has the structure of an \(\Lambda = \mathcal OW\)-module, where the \(\mathcal O\)-Iwasawa algebra \(\mathcal OW\) of \(W\) is isomorphic to the formal power series ring \(\mathcal OT_1, \ldots, T_s\) for \(s = 1 + d + \delta_F\), where \(\delta_F \geq 0\) is the integer appearing in Leopoldt's conjecture. Let \(\mathcal L\) denote the field of fractions of the Iwasawa algebra \(\Lambda\), and \(\overline{\mathcal L}\) its integral closure. The image of a point \[ \theta \in \Hom_{\text{cont}}^{\mathcal{O}- \text{algebras}}(\mathcal R, \overline{\mathcal L}) \] is known by (Theorem 2.4) [\textit{H.~Hida}, Adv. Stud. Pure Math. 17, 139--169 (1989; Zbl 0742.11026)] to define a finite extension \(\mathcal K\) of \(\mathcal L\). Write \(\mathcal I\) to denote the integral closure of \(\mathcal K\) in \(\Lambda\). A point \[ \kappa \in \mathcal{X}(\mathcal I) := \Hom_{\text{cont}}^{\mathcal{O}-{\text{algebras}}} (\mathcal I, \overline{\mathbb Q}_p) \] is said to be \textit{arithmetic} if the kernel of its restriction to \(W\) defines a prime ideal \(P\) of \(\Lambda\) for which there is an isomorphism \[ \begin{aligned} \mathcal R_P/ P \mathcal R_P &\longrightarrow h_{k, w}^{n, \text{ord}}(S_0(p^{\alpha}), \epsilon, K) \end{aligned} \] for some suitable weight \((k, w)\), level \(S_0(p^{\alpha})\), and character \(\epsilon: S_0(p^{\alpha})/S(p^{\alpha}) \longrightarrow {\mathbb{C}}\). It is known by work of Hida (Corollary) [Zbl 0742.11026] that an an arithmetic point \(\kappa\) corresponds to a classical \(p\)-nearly ordinary Hilbert modular form \(f_{\kappa}\). Let \(X\) be the so-called \(p\)-adic space \[ \begin{aligned} X &= NC \backslash \text{GL}(\mathcal O_{F_p}), \end{aligned} \] where \(O_{F_p}\) denotes \(\mathcal O_F \otimes_F \mathbb Z_p\), \(N\) denotes the standard lower unipotent subgroup of \(\text{GL}(O_{F_p})\), and \(C\) denotes the closure of \(S \cap F\) embedded diagonally into \(\text{GL}(\mathcal O_{F_p})\). Let \(\mathbb{D}_X\) denote the space of \(\mathcal O\)-valued measures on \(X\). Let \(X(S)\) denote the Hilbert modular variety associated to the choice of compact open subgroup \(S\). Let \(\mathcal{D}_X\) denote the local coefficient system on \(X(S)\) associated to \(\mathbb{D}_X\). Let \[ \begin{aligned} \mathbb{W} &= H^r(X(S), \mathcal{D}_X) \end{aligned} \] denote the space of \(\Lambda\)-adic modular symbols in this setting, where \[ r = \begin{cases} 0 &\text{if \(d\) is even}\\ 1 &\text{if \(d\) is odd}.\end{cases} \] {Theorem } Fix a point \(\theta: \mathcal R \longrightarrow \mathcal I\). Let \(\kappa: \mathcal I \longrightarrow \overline{\mathbb Q}_p\) be an arithmetic point of weight \((n_{\kappa}, \nu_{\kappa})\) and character \(\epsilon_{\kappa}\). Write \(P_{\kappa}\) to denote the prime ideal of \(\Lambda\) defined by the kernel of \(\theta_{\kappa} := \kappa \circ \theta\), and \(\mathcal K_{\kappa}\) the extension of \(\mathcal L\) determined by the image of \(\theta_{\kappa}\). Assume that the localization \(\mathcal R_{P_{\kappa}}\) at the prime ideal \(P_{\kappa}\) is a regular local ring. Let \(h: \mathcal{H} \longrightarrow \mathcal R\) denote the natural map obtained via the action of Hecke operators on \(\Lambda\)-adic cusp forms, and \(h_{\kappa}\) its composition with the localization map \(\mathcal R \longrightarrow \mathcal R_{P_{\kappa}}\). Let \[ \begin{aligned} \mathbb{W}_{\kappa} &= H^r(S_0(p^{\alpha}), \mathcal{L}(n, \nu, \varepsilon, \mathcal K_{\kappa})), \end{aligned} \] where \(\mathcal{L}(n, \nu, \varepsilon, \mathcal K_{\kappa})\) is the usual coefficient system (p. 845). Then, the associated specialization map \[ \begin{aligned} \rho_{\kappa}: (\mathbb W \otimes_{\Lambda} \mathcal R_{P_{\kappa}})^{h_{\kappa} }/ P_{\kappa}(\mathbb W \otimes_{\Lambda} \mathcal R_{P_{\kappa}})^{h_{\kappa}}&\longrightarrow \mathbb W_{\kappa}^{f_{\kappa}} \end{aligned} \] is an isomorphism.
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