On the Rabinowitz Floer homology of twisted cotangent bundles

for the case when the energy value k is greater than the Mane critical value c. Under the stronger condition that k>c_{0}, where c_{0} denotes the strict Mane critical value, Abbondandolo and Schwarz recently computed the Rabinowitz Floer homology of such hypersurfaces, by means of a short exact sequence of chain complexes involving the Rabinowitz Floer chain complex and the Morse (co)chain complex associated to the free time action functional. We extend their results to the weaker case k>c, thus covering cases where

s i g m a

is not exact. As a consequence, we deduce that the hypersurface corresponding to the energy level k is never displaceable for any k>c. Moreover, we prove that if dim M > 1, the homology of the free loop space of

M

is infinite dimensional, and if the metric is chosen generically, a generic Hamiltonian diffeomorphism has infinitely many leaf-wise intersection points in

S i g m a_{k}

.

Review text

This paper extends results of \textit{A. Abbondandolo} and \textit{M. Schwarz} [``Estimates and computations in Rabinowitz-Floer homology, J. Topol. Anal. 1, No. 4, 307--405 (2009; Zbl 1190.53082)] to hypersurfaces \(\Sigma_k := H^{-1}(k)\) where \(k\) is bigger than the Mañé critical value (as opposed to the strict Mañé critical value found in the aforementioned paper). Let \((M,g)\) denote a closed connected orientable Riemannian manifold with cotangent bundle \(\pi:T^\ast M \rightarrow M\). Let \(\omega_0\) denote the canonical symplectic form on \(T^\ast M\), and let \(\sigma\) be a weakly exact \(2\)-form on \(M\), i.e. the pullback \(\widetilde{\sigma}\) of \(\sigma\) to the universal cover \(\widetilde{M}\) is exact. Assume that \(\sigma\) admits a bounded primitive and define \[ \omega := \omega_0 + \pi^\ast\sigma. \] The symplectic manifold \((T^\ast M,\omega)\) is called the twisted cotangent bundle. Let \(H_g:T^\ast M \rightarrow {\mathbb R}\) denote the standard kinetic energy Hamiltonian and let \(H := H_g + \pi^\ast U\), where \(U\in C^\infty(M,{\mathbb R})\) is a given potential. Define the Mañé critical value associated to the metric \(g\), the weakly exact \(2\)-form \(\sigma\) and the potential \(U\) by \[ c = c(g,\sigma,U) := \inf_\theta \sup_{q \in \widetilde{M}} \widetilde{H}(q,\theta_q) \] where the infimum is taken over all \(1\)-forms \(\theta\) on \(\widetilde{M}\) with \(d \theta = \widetilde{\sigma}\), and \(\widetilde{H}\) is the lift of \(H\) to \(T^\ast \widetilde{M}\). The Mañé critical value is finite if and only if \(\widetilde{\sigma}\) admits a bounded primitive. If \(\sigma\) is exact, then we can define the strict Mañé critical value by \[ c_0 = c_0(g,\sigma,U) := \inf_\theta \sup_{q \in M} H(q,\theta_q) < \infty. \] If \(\sigma\) is not exact, then define \(c_0 = \infty\). In general, there may be cases in which \([c,c_0]\) is a non-trivial interval. For \(k \in {\mathbb R}\), let \(\Sigma_k := H^{-1}(k) \subseteq T^\ast M\). The hypersurfaces \(\Sigma_k\) can be investigated using Rabinowitz Floer homology. The aforementioned paper by Abbondandolo and Schwarz computed the Rabinowitz Floer homology of \(\Sigma_k\) when \(k > c_0\), and the paper under review extends their results to cases where \(k > c\). In both cases, the computation is based on establishing the existence of a short exact sequence of chain complexes that relates the Rabinowitz Floer chain complex with the Morse (co)chain complex of a functional on \(\Lambda M \times {\mathbb R}^+\) defined using the Fenchel transform of the Hamiltonian \(H\), where \(\Lambda M\) denotes the free loop space of maps of Sobolev class \(W^{1,2}\). When \(k > c\) the Morse complex of the functional on \(\Lambda M \times {\mathbb R}^+\) is defined using Frauenfelder's Morse-Bott homology with cascades and the infinite dimensional Morse theory of Abbondandolo and Majer. The main result of the paper is Theorem 1.1. Let \((M,g)\) be a closed connected orientable Riemannian manifold and \(\sigma \in \Omega^2(M)\) be a closed weakly exact \(2\)-form. Let \(U \in C^\infty(M,{\mathbb R})\) and put \(H := H_g + \pi^\ast U\) and \(\Sigma_k := H^{-1}(k)\). Then if \(k > c(g,\sigma,U)\) the Rabinowitz Floer homology \(RFH_\ast(\Sigma_k,T^\ast M)\) is defined and non-zero. In particular, \(\Sigma_k\) is not displaceable. A second main result is Theorem 1.6. Let \((M,g)\) be a closed connected orientable Riemannian manifold and \(\sigma \in \Omega^2(M)\) be a closed weakly exact \(2\)-form. Let \(U \in C^\infty(M,{\mathbb R})\) and put \(H := H_g + \pi^\ast U\). Choose \( k > c(g,\sigma,U)\) and put \(\Sigma_k := H^{-1}(k)\). Then for any \(\psi \in\) Ham\(_c(T^\ast M, \omega)\) there exists a leaf-wise intersection point for \(\psi\) in \(\Sigma_k\). Moreover, if \(\dim H_\ast(\Lambda M;{\mathbb Z}_2) = \infty\) and \(g\) is chosen generically, then for a generic \(\psi \in \)Ham\(_c(T^\ast M,\omega)\) there exists infinitely many leaf-wise intersection points for \(\psi\) in \(\Sigma_k\).

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