Charged Brownian particles: Kramers and Smoluchowski equations and the hydrothermodynamical picture
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Abstract: We consider a charged Brownian gas under the influence of external and non uniform electric, magnetic and mechanical fields, immersed in a non uniform bath temperature. With the collision time as an expansion parameter, we study the solution to the associated Kramers equation, including a linear reactive term. To first order we obtain the asymptotic (overdamped) regime, governed by transport equations, namely: for the particle's density, a Smoluchowski-reactive like equation; for the particle's momentum density, a generalized Ohm's like equation; and for the particle's energy density, a Maxwell-Cattaneo like equation. Defining a nonequilibrium temperature as the mean kinetic energy density, and introducing Boltzmann's entropy density via the one particle distribution function, we present a complete thermohydrodynamical picture for a charged Brownian gas. We probe the validity of the local equilibrium approximation, Onsager relations, variational principles associated to the entropy production, and apply our results to: carrier transport in semiconductors, hot carriers and Brownian motors. Finally, we outline a method to incorporate non linear reactive kinetics and a mean field approach to interacting Brownian particles.
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Cited in
(10)- Quantum kinetic theory of flux-carrying Brownian particles
- Spectral amplification and power absorption of charged particles under electric field and fluctuating magnetic field
- Non-Markovian thermal-bath-induced Brownian motion in velocity space in the presence of a magnetic field at arbitrary direction
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