Counting (3+1)-avoiding permutations

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Publication:649006




Abstract: A poset is {it (3+1)-free} if it contains no induced subposet isomorphic to the disjoint union of a 3-element chain and a 1-element chain. These posets are of interest because of their connection with interval orders and their appearance in the (3+1)-free Conjecture of Stanley and Stembridge. The dimension 2 posets P are exactly the ones which have an associated permutation pi where iprecj in P if and only if i<j as integers and i comes before j in the one-line notation of pi. So we say that a permutation pi is {it (3+1)-free} or {it (3+1)-avoiding} if its poset is (3+1)-free. This is equivalent to pi avoiding the permutations 2341 and 4123 in the language of pattern avoidance. We give a complete structural characterization of such permutations. This permits us to find their generating function.











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