Sun dual theory for bi-continuous semigroups

Saks spaces and their duals (strict topologies, mixed topologies, two-norm spaces, co-Saks spaces, etc.) (46A70) One-parameter semigroups and linear evolution equations (47D06)

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Given a strongly continuous semigroup \((T(t))_{t\geq 0}\) on a Banach space \(X\), the sun dual space \(X^\odot\) consists of the elements \(x'\) in the continuous dual \(X'\) such that \(\lim_{t\to 0^+} T'(t)x' = x'\). \(X^\odot\) is closed and \(T'(t)\)-invariant, the restrictions of \(T'(t)\) to \(X^\odot\) define a strongly continuous semigroup \(T^\odot((t))_{t\geq 0}\) on \(X^\odot\). The sun dual space corresponding to a strongly continuous semigroup turns out to be a useful tool when dealing with dual semigroups, which are in general only weak\(^*\)-continuous. In this paper the authors develop a corresponding theory for bicontinuous semigroups under mild assumptions on the involved locally convex topologies. They also discuss sun reflexivity and Favard spaces in this context, extending classical results by van Neerven.\par The main result, Theorem 1.1 extends Theorem 2.9, p. 152 of \textit{B. Jacob} et al. [Stud. Math. 263, No. 2, 141--158 (2022; Zbl 1496.47070)] for strongly continuous semigroups to bi-countinuous ones.

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Continuous maximal regularity in locally convex spaces

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