Balanced distribution-energy inequalities and related entropy bounds

Abstract: Let

A

be a self-adjoint operator acting over a space

X

endowed with a partition. We give lower bounds on the energy of a mixed state

h o

from its distribution in the partition and the spectral density of

A

. These bounds improve with the refinement of the partition, and generalize inequalities by Li-Yau and Lieb--Thirring for the Laplacian in

R^{n}

. They imply an uncertainty principle, giving a lower bound on the sum of the spatial entropy of

h o

, as seen from

X

, and some spectral entropy, with respect to its energy distribution. On

R^{n}

, this yields lower bounds on the sum of the entropy of the densities of

h o

and its Fourier transform. A general log-Sobolev inequality is also shown. It holds on mixed states, without Markovian or positivity assumption on

A

.

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