The role of gauge symmetry in spintronics

DOI10.1016/J.AOP.2011.08.003MaRDI QIDQ654883zbMATHOpenAlexFDO

Authors V. J. Vasquez Otoya, Rodrigo F. Sobreiro

Publication date 23 December 2011

Published in Annals of Physics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1107.0332

zbMATH Keywords

QEDgauge theoriesrelativistic spintronics

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Yang-Mills and other gauge theories in quantum field theory (81T13) Electromagnetic interaction; quantum electrodynamics (81V10) Relativistic dynamics for problems in Hamiltonian and Lagrangian mechanics (70H40)

Abstract: In this work we employ a field theoretical approach to explain the nature of the non-conserved spin current in spintronics. In particular, we consider the usual U(1) gauge theory for the electromagnetism at classical level in order to obtain the broken continuity equation involving the spin current and spin-transfer torque. Inspired in the recent work of A. Vernes, B. L. Gyorffy and P. Weinberger where they obtain such equation in terms of relativistic quantum mechanics, we formalize their result in terms of the well known currents of field theory such as the Bargmann-Wigner current and the chiral current. Thus, an interpretation of spintronics is provided in terms of Noether currents (conserved or not) and symmetries of the electromagnetism. In fact, the main result of the present work is that the non-conservation of the spin current is associated to the gauge invariance of physical observables where the breaking term is proportional to the chiral current. Moreover, we generalize their result by including the electromagnetic field as a dynamical field instead of an external one.

Recommendations

• Gauge covariance and spin-current conservation in the gauge-field formulation of systems with spin-orbit coupling
• Hidden Galilean symmetry, conservation laws and emergence of spin current in the soliton sector of chiral helimagnet
• Generation of electric field by spin-currents in the U(1) U(2) gauge invariant Pauli-Schrödinger non-relativistic theory
• SU(2) × U(1) unified theory for charge, orbit and spin currents
• Yang-Mills physics in spintronics

Cites work

• Group Theoretical Discussion of Relativistic Wave Equations
• Quantum field theory techniques in graphical enumeration
• Spin Hall effect induced by a gravitational field

Cited in

(10)

• SU(2) × U(1) unified theory for charge, orbit and spin currents
• Gauge concepts in theoretical applied physics
• Hidden Galilean symmetry, conservation laws and emergence of spin current in the soliton sector of chiral helimagnet
• General relativistic symmetry of electron spin torque
• Generation of electric field by spin-currents in the \(U(1)\times U(2)\) gauge invariant Pauli-Schrödinger non-relativistic theory
• Yang-Mills physics in spintronics
• Gauge symmetries in the Heisenberg model of a magnet
• Spin‐Polarized Current, Spin‐Transfer Torque, and Spin Hall Effect in Presence of an Electromagnetic Non‐Minimal Coupling
• Unified quaternionic description of charge and spin transport and intrinsic nonlinearity of spin currents
• Gauge covariance and spin-current conservation in the gauge-field formulation of systems with spin-orbit coupling

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