Small amplitude periodic orbits in three-dimensional quadratic vector fields with a zero-Hopf singularity
Topological structure of integral curves, singular points, limit cycles of ordinary differential equations (34C05) Theory of limit cycles of polynomial and analytic vector fields (existence, uniqueness, bounds, Hilbert's 16th problem and ramifications) for ordinary differential equations (34C07) Bifurcation theory for ordinary differential equations (34C23) Invariant manifolds for ordinary differential equations (34C45)
The paper deals with some families of real three-dimensional differential systems \N\[\N\frac{dx}{dt} = - y + F_1(x, y, z, \lambda), \quad \frac{dy}{dt} = x + F_2(x, y, z, \lambda), \quad \frac{dz}{dt} = F_3(x, y, z, \lambda)\N\]\Nwith quadratic homogeneous polynomials \(F_j\) in the variables \((x, y, z)\) and having a zero-Hopf equilibrium at the origin. The author considers only families having the \(z\)-axis as rotation axis and he is interested in the bifurcation of periodic \(v\)-orbits from the singularity, that is, those small amplitude orbits that make a fixed arbitrary number \(v\) of revolutions about a rotation axis and then return to the initial point closing the orbit. When the parameters of the family are restricted to certain explicitly computable open semi-algebraic sets \(\Lambda\), he characterizes those parameters that provide the appearance of local two-dimensional periodic invariant manifolds through the singularity. Also the author uses a Bautin-type analysis to study the maximum number of small-amplitude \(v\)-limit cycles that can bifurcate from the equilibrium when the parameters of the family are restricted to \(\Lambda\). Global upper bounds on the number of bifurcated \(v\)-limit cycles are presented.
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