Embedding calculus and grope cobordism of knots
This article deals with the space of long knots \(\mathcal{K}(I^3) = \operatorname{Emb}_\partial(I, I^3)\), and more precisely the monoid \(\mathbb{K}(I^3) = \pi_0(\mathcal{K}(I^3))\) of isotopy classes of such long knots. Two important approaches exist to define invariants of such long knots:\N\begin{itemize}\N\item On the one hand, a ``geometrical approach using finite type knot invariants, which studies the geometry of the discriminant \(\operatorname{Map}_\partial(I,I^3) \setminus \operatorname{Emb}_\partial(I,I^3)\) and produces a sequence of quotients \(\mathbb{K}(I^3) / {\sim}_n\) for \(n \geq 1\).\N\item On the other hand, a ``homotopical approach using Goodwillie-Weiss embedding calculus, which considers how pairwise disjoint intervals of \(I\) embed into \(I^3\), and which produces a Taylor tower of spaces \((\cdots \to P_{n+1}(I^3) \to P_n(I^3) \to \cdots)\) and evaluation maps \(\operatorname{ev}_n : \mathcal{K}(I^3) \to P_n(I^3)\).\N\end{itemize}\N\NIt has long been conjectured [\textit{R. Budney} et al., Adv. Math. 191, No. 1, 78--113 (2005; Zbl 1078.57011)] that \(\pi_0\operatorname{ev}_n\) is a \textit{universal} additive invariant of type \(\leq n-1\) over \(\mathbb{Z}\), or equivalently that \(\operatorname{ev}_n\) induces an isomorphism of groups \(\mathbb{K}(I^3) / {\sim}_n \to \pi_0(P_n(I^3))\). One of the main results of this article is that the morphism \(\mathbb{K}(I^3) \to \pi_0(P_n(I^3))\) is \textit{surjective}, covering essentially half of the conjecture. Moreover, by studying the collapse of the Taylor tower with appropriate coefficients and using results of \textit{P. Boavida De Brito} and \textit{G. Horel} [Compos. Math. 157, No. 5, 997--1021 (2021; Zbl 1467.57001)], the author proves completely the conjecture over \(\mathbb{Q}\), over the \(p\)-adics \(\mathbb{Z}_p\) for \(n \leq p+2\), and over \(\mathbb{Z}\) for \(n \leq 7\).\N\NOne of the key technical tools used is the notion of (capped) grope cobordism [\textit{J. Conant} and \textit{P. Teichner}, Topology 43, No. 1, 119--156 (2004; Zbl 1041.57003)], which are cobordisms of knots modelled on trees. The use of gropes allows the author to connect this newer reformulation of finite type invariant theory to (a priori unrelated) trees that appear in embedding calculus. Moreover, it shows the potential of the author's methods by enabling some explicit computations of the invariant \(\operatorname{ev}_n\).
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- ABOUT THE UNIQUENESS OF THE KONTSEVICH INTEGRAL
- Algebraic methods in unstable homotopy theory
- Algebraic structures on modules of diagrams
- Calculus. II: Analytic functors
- Claspers and finite type invariants of links
- Coformality and rational homotopy groups of spaces of long knots
- Cubical homotopy theory
- Delooping the functor calculus tower
- Delooping totalization of a multiplicative operad
- Embedding calculus knot invariants are of finite type
- Embeddings from the point of view of immersion theory. I
- Embeddings from the point of view of immersion theory. II
- Equivalence of formalities of the little discs operad
- Finite type knot invariants and the calculus of functors
- Formality of Sinha's cosimplicial model for long knots spaces and the Gerstenhaber algebra structure of homology
- Galois symmetries of knot spaces
- Graph-complexes computing the rational homotopy of high dimensional analogues of spaces of long knots
- Grope cobordism and Feynman diagrams
- Grope cobordism of classical knots.
- Hodge-type decomposition in the homology of long knots
- Homotopy approximations to the space of knots, Feynman diagrams, and a conjecture of Scannell and Sinha
- Homotopy graph-complex for configuration and knot spaces
- Homotopy limits, completions and localizations
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- Introduction to Vassiliev knot invariants
- Knot polynomials and Vassiliev's invariants
- Knotted families from graspers
- Local triviality of the restriction map for embeddings
- Long knots and maps between operads
- Multiple disjunction for spaces of smooth embeddings
- Multiplicative formality of operads and Sinha's spectral sequence for long knots
- New perspectives on self-linking
- On a certain move generating link-homology
- On the Homotopy Groups of the Union of Spheres
- ON THE OTHER SIDE OF THE BIALGEBRA OF CHORD DIAGRAMS
- On the rational homology of high-dimensional analogues of spaces of long knots
- On the self-linking of knots
- On the Vassiliev knot invariants
- Operads and knot spaces
- Partition complexes, duality and integral tree representations
- Pulling apart 2-spheres in 4-manifolds
- Regular Curves on Riemannian Manifolds
- Self-referential discs and the light bulb lemma
- Spaces of arcs and configuration spaces of manifolds
- Spaces of smooth embeddings and configuration categories
- Spaces of smooth embeddings, disjunction and surgery
- The 4-dimensional light bulb theorem
- The Conway polynomial and amphicheiral knots
- The Milnor-Hilton Theorem and Whitehead Products
- The rational homology of spaces of long knots in codimension \(> 2\)
- The topology of spaces of knots: cosimplicial models
- Topologie de certains espaces de plongements
- Variations of knotted graphs. Geometric techniques of n-equivalence
- Vassiliev knot invariants and Chern-Simons perturbation theory to all orders
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