Effective S-unit equations beyond three terms: Newman's conjecture

DOI10.4064/AA230725-14-9MaRDI QIDQ6595597zbMATH OpenFDO

Authors Prajeet Bajpai, Michael A. Bennett

Publication date 30 August 2024

Published in Acta Arithmetica (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://doi.org/10.4064/AA230725-14-9

zbMATH Keywords

\(S\)-unit equationsBaker's boundsexponential equation

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Counting solutions of Diophantine equations (11D45) Exponential Diophantine equations (11D61) Linear forms in logarithms; Baker's method (11J86)

Review text

Let \(K\) be a number field and \(S\) a finite set of places of \(K\), containing the infinite places \(S_\infty\). It is well-known that \(u\) is called \(S\)-unit if \(||u ||_\nu\) for all places \(\nu\) of \(K\) lying outside \(S\). Now consider the following equation: \N\[\Na_1 u_1 +a_2 u_2 + \dots a_n u_n \N\]\Nwhere \(\gcd(a_1 u_1,a_2 u_2, \dots, a_n u_n)=1\), \(a_i\) are fixed nonzero elements of a number field \(K\) and the \(u_i\) are \(S\)-units of \(K\). This equation is called the \(S\)-unit equation. In the paper under review, the authors deal with the case \(n=5\) with restriction \(|S|\leq 3\) and show how to effectively solve 5-term \(S\)-unit equations when the set of primes \(S\) has cardinality at most 3, and use this to provide an explicit answer to an old question of D. J. Newman on representations of integers as sums of \(S\)-units. The proof is based on a pigeonhole argument and linear forms in logarithms but they also use a new technique called matching.

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Cited in

(2)

• Integral points on moduli schemes
• Purely exponential Diophantine equations with four terms of consecutive bases: contribution to Skolem's conjecture

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