An improvement on a result of Lescot \textit{et al.}
Finite solvable groups, theory of formations, Schunck classes, Fitting classes, (pi)-length, ranks (20D10) Finite nilpotent groups, (p)-groups (20D15) Arithmetic and combinatorial problems involving abstract finite groups (20D60) Conjugacy classes for groups (20E45) Probabilistic methods in group theory (20P05)
Let \(G\) be a finite group and let \(\nu_1(G)\) denote the commuting probability of \(G\), defined as the proportion of pairs \((x,y)\in G\times G\) with \([x,y]=1\).\N\NFollowing \textit{P.~Hall} [J. Reine Angew. Math. 182, 130--141 (1940; Zbl 0023.21001)], two groups are said to be isoclinic if there exist isomorphisms between the corresponding central quotients and commutator subgroups that are compatible with the commutator maps. It is recalled that \(\nu_1(G)\) is invariant under isoclinism and that previous work of \textit{P. Lescot} et al. [Monatsh. Math. 174, No. 4, 567--576 (2014; Zbl 1300.20034)] classified groups with \(\nu_1(G)>5/16\) up to a partial isoclinic description.\N\NThe main result is Theorem 1.4, which provides a complete isoclinic classification of finite non-nilpotent groups \(G\) satisfying \(\nu_1(G)>5/16\). It shows that such a group is isoclinic to one of the following groups: \(S_3\), \(A_4\), \(D_{10}\), \(C_p\rtimes D_8\) or \(C_p\rtimes Q_8\) for \(p=3,5\), \(D_{14}\), \((C_3\times C_3)\rtimes C_2\), \(D_{18}\), or \(D_{22}\). As a consequence, Corollary 3.1 shows that the possible values of \(\nu_1(G)\) in this range are \(\nu_1(G)\in \big\{\tfrac{1}{2},\tfrac{2}{5},\tfrac{3}{8},\tfrac{5}{14},\tfrac{1}{3},\tfrac{13}{40},\tfrac{7}{22} \big\}\).
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