A new family of q -supercongruences from a quadratic summation of Gasper and Rahman
The author presents a family of \(q\)-supercongruences resulting from a quadratic summation. Let \((a;q)_n\) stand for \(1\) if \(n=0\) and \((1-a)(1-aq)\cdots (1-aq^{n-1})\) for \(n\ge 1\), \([n]\) for the \(q\)-integer \((1-q^n)/(1-q)\) and \(\Phi_n(q)\) for the \(n\)-th cyclotomic polynomial in \(q\). The author's main result is Theorem 1 which shows that if \(d\) is a positive integer, \(r\) is an arbitrary integer, \(n>1\) is odd and coprime to \(d\) and \(\lambda\) is an integer such that \(\lambda n\equiv r\pmod {2d}\) and \((n-1)/2\le (\lambda n-r)/d\le n-1\), then \N\[\N\sum_{k=0}^{n-1} [3dk+1] \frac{(q^r;q^{2d})_k^2(q^d;q^{2d})_k}{(q^d;q^d)^2_k(q^{2d};q^{2d})_k} q^{k(d-dk-2r)/2}\equiv [\lambda n] q^{(r-\lambda n)/2} \pmod {[n]\Phi_n(q)^2}. \N\]\NSpecializing to \(n\equiv \pm r,\pm 1\pmod {2d}\), \(n=p^m\) a prime power and \(q\to 1\) the author obtains a supercongruence which partially confirms a conjecture of \textit{H. He} and \textit{X. Wang} [Proc. Am. Math. Soc. 152, No. 11, 4775--4784 (2024; Zbl 1551.33015)]. The method of proof uses a creative microscopic method together with a quadratic summation method due to \textit{G. Gasper} and \textit{M. Rahman} [Basic hypergeometric series. 2nd ed. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press (2004; Zbl 1129.33005)].
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