Classification of K-type formulas for the Heisenberg ultrahyperbolic operator _s for SL(3,R) and tridiagonal determinants for local Heun functions

DOI10.1007/978-981-97-7662-7_8MaRDI QIDQ6914487zbMATH OpenFDO

Publication date 16 October 2025

Full work available at URL https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-97-7662-7_8

Heisenberg ultrahyperbolic operator Heun's differential equation hypergeometric differential equation tridiagonal determinant

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Combinatorial aspects of matrices (incidence, Hadamard, etc.) (05B20) Representations of Lie algebras and Lie superalgebras, algebraic theory (weights) (17B10) Linear algebraic groups over the reals, the complexes, the quaternions (20G20) Semisimple Lie groups and their representations (22E46) Representations of Lie and real algebraic groups: algebraic methods (Verma modules, etc.) (22E47) Classical hypergeometric functions, ({}_2F_1) (33C05) Other functions coming from differential, difference and integral equations (33E30)

Review text

Let \(G=\widetilde{\mathrm{SL}}(3,\mathbb R)\) be the universal covering group of \(\mathrm{SL}(3,\mathbb{R})\) with Lie algebra \(\mathfrak{g}_0=\mathfrak{sl}(3,\mathbb{R})\). Let \(G=KAN\) be an Iwasawa decomposition of \(G\) and \(B=MAN\) a minimal parabolic subgroup of \(G\). Let \(X,Y\in\mathfrak{g}_0\) such that \(\mathfrak{n}_0=\mathrm{Span}\{X,Y,[X,Y]\}\). The Heisenberg ultrahyperbolic operator \(\square_s\) is defined by \(\square_s=R(D_s)\) for \(s\in\mathbb{C}\), where \(D_s=(XY+YX)+s[X,Y]\) and \(R\) is the infinitesimal right translation of \(\mathcal{U}(\mathfrak{g})\). Then, \(\square_s\otimes \mathrm{id}_\sigma, \sigma\in\mathrm{Irr}(M)\), is an intertwining differential operator between parabolically induced representations. In this paper, the authors give the classification of \(K\)-type formulas of the \(K\)-finite solution space of \((\square_{\bar{s}}\otimes \mathrm{id}_\sigma)f=0\). This completes a previous study of \(\square_sf=0\) for \(\mathrm{SL}(3,\mathbb{R})\) by \textit{A. C. Kable} [Kyoto J. Math. 52, No. 4, 839--894 (2012; Zbl 1287.22003)]. Note that, since \(K\cong \mathrm{SU}(2)\), \(\mathrm{Irr}(K)\) is given as \(\{(\pi_n, \mathrm{Pol}_n[t])\mid n\in{\mathbb Z}_{\geq0}\}\) and thus the \(K\)-finite solution space is decomposed into the direct sum of \(\mathrm{Pol}_n[t]\otimes\mathrm{Hom}_M(\mathrm{Sol}(s;n),\sigma)\), where \(\mathrm{Sol}(s;n)\) is the set of \(p(t)\in\mathrm{Pol}_n[t]\) such that \(d\pi_n(D_{\bar{s}}^\flat)p(t)=0\). Depending on two identifications of \(\mathfrak{k}=\mathfrak{so}(3,\mathbb{C})\) with \(\mathfrak{sl}(2,\mathbb{C})\), the resulting differential equation is identified with Heun's differential equation and the hypergeometric equation. To achieve the explicit decomposition formula, we need to classify \(\mathrm{Sol}(s;n)\neq\{0\}\) such that \(\mathrm{Hom}_M(\mathrm{Sol}(s;n),\sigma)\neq\{0\}\). This is performed using the hypergeometric model. The two models are related by the Cayley transform, thus, the variant of the decomposition formula to Heun's model follows from the hypergeometric model, which is simpler and more straightforward. From the Taylor expansions of the linearly independent solutions of Heun's equation at \(t=0\), we can define certain sequences \(\{P_k(x,y)\}_{k=0}^\infty\) and \(\{Q_k(x,y)\}_{k=0}^\infty\) of tridiagonal determinants. These sequences yield factorization formulas and functional equations as by-products.\N\NFor the entire collection see [Zbl 1560.22003].

Cites work

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