Codazzi and totally umbilical hypersurfaces in Sol₁^4

DOI10.1017/S0017089525000102MaRDI QIDQ6939670zbMATH OpenFDO

Authors Zlatko Erjavec, Jun-ichi Inoguchi

Publication date 21 August 2025

Published in Glasgow Mathematical Journal (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://doi.org/10.1017/S0017089525000102

zbMATH Keywords

Codazzi hypersurfaceparallel hypersurfacesolvable Lie grouptotally geodesic submanifoldstotally umbilical hypersurfaces

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Local submanifolds (53B25) Global submanifolds (53C40)

Review text

Totally geodesic submanifolds are among the most fundamental and simplest submanifolds in Riemannian geometry. A simply connected, irreducible symmetric space admits a totally geodesic hypersurface if and only if it has constant curvature, where the irreducibility assumption plays a crucial role. This characterization extends to the broader class of simply connected, irreducible naturally reductive homogeneous spaces. \N\NIn this paper, the authors investigate the model space \(\mathrm{Sol}^4_1\), realized as the four-dimensional Cartesian space \(\mathbb{R}^4(x,y,z,t)\) endowed with the Tricerri metric \N\[\Ng=e^{-2t}dx^2+e^{2t}dy^2+(dz-x dy)^2+dt^2,\N\] \Nwhich is left-invariant with respect to the underlying solvable Lie group structure \N\[\N(x_1, y_1, z_1, t_1)\cdot(x_2, y_2, z_2, t_2)=(x_1 +e^{t_1}x_2, y1 +e^{-t_1}y_2, z_1 +z_2 +e^{-t_1}x_1y_2, t_1 +t_2).\N\]\NThey prove the non-existence of Codazzi and totally umbilical hypersurfaces in \(\mathrm{Sol}^4_1\). Here, a Codazzi hypersurface is characterized by the condition that \(\nabla h\) is totally symmetric, while a totally umbilical hypersurface is defined by the relation \(h=Hg\), where \(h\) denotes the second fundamental form and \(H\) the mean curvature function. As a consequence, \(\mathrm{Sol}^4_1\) admits no totally geodesic hypersurfaces, that is, hypersurfaces for which \(h=0\).

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Cited in

(1)

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