The Wecken property for random maps on surfaces with boundary

DOI10.1016/J.TOPOL.2012.08.019MaRDI QIDQ694660zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Jacqueline Brimley, Matthew Griisser, P. Christopher Staecker, Allison N. Miller

Publication date 13 December 2012

Published in Topology and its Applications (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1109.0218

zbMATH Keywords

fixed pointfree groupNielsen theoryWecken property

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Generic properties, structural stability of dynamical systems (37C20) Fixed points and coincidences in algebraic topology (55M20)

Abstract: A selfmap is Wecken when the minimal number of fixed points among all maps in its homotopy class is equal to the Nielsen number, a homotopy invariant lower bound on the number of fixed points. All selfmaps are Wecken for manifolds of dimension not equal to 2, but some non-Wecken maps exist on surfaces. We attempt to measure how common the Wecken property is on surfaces with boundary by estimating the proportion of maps which are Wecken, measured by asymptotic density. Intuitively, this is the probability that a randomly chosen homotopy class of maps consists of Wecken maps. We show that this density is nonzero for surfaces with boundary. When the fundamental group of our space is free of rank n, we give nonzero lower bounds for the density of Wecken maps in terms of n, and compute the (nonzero) limit of these bounds as n goes to infinity.

Review text

Given a self-map \(f: X\to X\), the Nielsen number \(N(f)\) of \(f\) gives a lower bound for the number of fixed points of the self-maps in the homotopy class of \(f\). It was Wecken who proved that given any self-map \(f\) on a manifold of dimension not equal to \(2\), there must be a self-map \(g\) in the homotopy class of \(f\) such that \(g\) has exactly \(N(f)\) fixed points. Thus, a self-map \(f\) is said to be Wecken if there is a self-map \(g\) homotopic to \(f\) having \(N(f)\) fixed points. From \textit{B. Jiang}'s example in [Invent. Math. 75, 69--74 (1984; Zbl 0565.55005)], we know that self-maps on surfaces are not always Wecken. The authors of the paper under review give a different but interesting approach to consider the Wecken property for self-maps on surfaces: they consider the probability of finding self-maps with the Wecken property on surfaces. By using \textit{J. Wagner}'s algorithms [Trans. Am. Math. Soc. 351, No.1, 41-62 (1999; Zbl 0910.55001)] and related arguments, the authors obtain some sufficient conditions to guarantee that a self-map on a surface with boundary is Wecken. Hence, they are able to estimate the desired probability from below. Some experimental computation results are illustrated, saying mainly that the probability of Wecken self-maps is non-zero. That is: the ``amount of self-maps on a surface with boundary having the Wecken property is not small.

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Cites work

• An algorithm for calculating the Nielsen number on surfaces with boundary
• Classes of Wecken maps of surfaces with boundary
• Fixed points and braids
• Fixed points of surface diffeomorphisms
• Minimizing the number of fixed points for self-maps of compact surfaces
• On group-theoretic models of randomness and genericity.
• Remnant inequalities and doubly-twisted conjugacy in free groups

Cited in

(7)

• The boundary-Wecken classification of surfaces
• Dynamics of random selfmaps of surfaces with boundary
• scientific article; zbMATH DE number 490916 (Why is no real title available?)
• scientific article; zbMATH DE number 2104593 (Why is no real title available?)
• scientific article; zbMATH DE number 1408259 (Why is no real title available?)
• Classes of Wecken maps of surfaces with boundary
• The WYK algorithm for maps of aspherical figure-eight type finite polyhedra

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