k-structure of basic representation of affine algebras
In the article under review the author considers the real forms of affine Kac-Moody algebras in which the Chevalley-Serre generators are real. For such a given \(\mathfrak{g}\), the basic representation \(R(\Lambda_0)\) with fundamental weight \(\Lambda_0\) is of great importance in representation theory and in physical applications, as is the corresponding maximal compact subalgebra of \(\mathfrak{g}\), here labeled \(\mathfrak{k}\).\N\NIt is in this context that the author provides three main results which are summarized in Theorem 1. First, the existence is shown, for each natural number \(N\), of a finite dimensional \(\mathfrak{k}\) representation \(\text{Ver}_R(N)\), a truncated Verma module of a parabolic Heisenberg algebra. This is coupled with a surjective homomorphism projecting \(R(\Lambda_0)\) onto \(\text{Ver}_R(N)\) such that the kernel is a nontrivial proper subrepresentation \(W_N\) of \(\mathfrak{k}\).\N\NSecondly, the author proves that if the basic representation projects onto a finite dimensional representation of \(\mathfrak{k}\) such that the latter representation is isomorphic to a certain representation of a parabolic algebra \(\mathfrak{P}\), then for some natural number \(N\), this representation is equivalent to \(\text{Ver}_R(N)\) or a quotient of \(\text{Ver}_R(N)\).\N\NThe third main result shows that the family of \((W_N)_{N \in \mathbb{N}}\) representations is an infinite composition series with a cosocle filtration.\N\NThe tools needed to prove these results consist primarily of representation theory of affine Kac-Moody algebras, Schur polynomials, and vertex operator algebra theory. All of these tools are developed in considerable depth in \S 2--\S 4 with supplemental details in several appendices. The three main results of Theorem 1 are then proved in \S 5.\N\NBeginning in \S 6, the author also discusses the potentially deep applications of these results in physics, particularly to theories of supergravity. In particular, ``supersymmetry, a symmetry between fermions and bosons, maps between representations of the split real Kac-Moody algebra and its compact subalgebra. This makes it necessary to understand how representations of the Kac-Moody algebras project onto representations of the maximal compact subalgebra...The result of this work is the next step to derive the full gauged supergravity theory in two dimensions (quoted from Section 1). The Lie algebras \(\mathfrak{e}_{9(9)}\) and \(\mathfrak{so}(16)\) are of special importance here. The author also alludes to future work aimed at extending these applications.\N\NSupplementing its thorough mathematical and physical results, the article contains much helpful motivation of results and commentary to adequately guide the reader.\N\NIn addition to the article's cited references, a few relevant related works include the following.\N\N[\textit{E. Date} et al., Lett. Math. Phys. 17, No. 1, 51--54 (1989; Zbl 0679.17012)]\N\N[\textit{B. Enriquez} et al., Contemp. Math. 433, 177--190 (2007; Zbl 1163.17015)]\N\N[\textit{I. Frenkel} et al., Vertex operator algebras and the monster. Boston etc.: Academic Press, Inc. (1988; Zbl 0674.17001)]\N\N[\textit{G. Golitzin}, J. Algebra 212, No. 1, 208--225 (1999; Zbl 0927.17015)]\N\N[\textit{V. G. Kac} et al., Adv. Math. 42, 83--112 (1981; Zbl 0476.17003)]\N\N[\textit{S. Leidwanger}, J. Algebr. Comb. 14, No. 2, 133--144 (2001; Zbl 1098.17501)]\N\N[\textit{J. Lemay}, Sel. Math., New Ser. 22, No. 1, 341--387 (2016; Zbl 1395.17050)]\N\N[\textit{P. Magyar}, J. Algebra 305, No. 2, 1037--1054 (2006; Zbl 1169.17017)]\N\N[\textit{K. C. Misra} and \textit{T. Miwa}, Commun. Math. Phys. 134, No. 1, 79--88 (1990; Zbl 0724.17010)]\N\N[\textit{T. N. Vougiouklis}, Commentat. Math. Univ. Carol. 29, No. 1, 117--125 (1988; Zbl 0647.17013)]
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