Collective modes in asymmetric ultracold Fermi systems
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Publication:710458
DOI10.1016/J.AOP.2010.05.001zbMATH Open1201.82044arXiv0804.0782OpenAlexW3124933821MaRDI QIDQ710458FDOQ710458
Publication date: 19 October 2010
Published in: Annals of Physics (Search for Journal in Brave)
Abstract: We derive the low energy effective action for the collective modes in systems of fermions interacting via a short-range s-wave attraction, featuring unequal chemical potentials for the two fermionic species (asymmetric systems). As a consequence of the attractive interaction, fermions form a condensate that spontaneously breaks the U(1) symmetry associated with total number conservation. Therefore at sufficiently small temperatures and asymmetries, the system is a superfluid. We reproduce previous results for the stability conditions of the system as a function of the four-fermion coupling and asymmetry. We obtain these results analyzing the coefficients of the low energy effective Lagrangian of the modes describing fluctuations in the magnitude (Higgs mode) and in the phase (Goldstone mode) of the difermion condensate. We find that for certain values of parameters, the mass of the Higgs mode decreases with increasing mismatch between the chemical potentials of the two populations, if we keep the scattering length and the gap parameter constant. Furthermore, we find that the energy cost for creating a position dependent fluctuation of the condensate is constant in the gapped region and increases in the gapless region. These two features may lead to experimentally detectable effects. As an example, we argue that if the superfluid is put in rotation, the square of the radius of the outer core of a vortex should sharply increase on increasing the asymmetry, when we pass through the relevant region in the gapless superfluid phase. Finally, by gauging the global U(1) symmetry, we relate the coefficients of the effective Lagrangian of the Goldstone mode with the screening masses of the gauge field.
Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/0804.0782
Interface problems; diffusion-limited aggregation arising in equilibrium statistical mechanics (82B24) Statistical mechanics of gases (82D05) Statistical mechanics of superfluids (82D50)
Cites Work
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