Collective modes in asymmetric ultracold Fermi systems (Q710458)

The authors study small fluctuations about the mean field value of the gap parameter for a system with mismatched Fermi surfaces. There are considered fluctuations both in the phase and in the magnitude. These fluctuations involve a coherent change in the wave functions of fermions in many different momentum eigenstates, and are therefore collective modes of the system. In particular, long wavelength fluctuations in the Nambu-Goldstone field are associated with the hydrodynamic mode (or sound mode) in the paired system and can be related to dynamic phenomena like compressions in a trapped atomic gas. In the final part of the present paper, by gauging the global \(U(1)\) symmetry, the authors relate the coefficients of the effective Lagrangian of the Nambu-Goldstone mode with the screening masses of the gauge field.