A jump-growth model for predator-prey dynamics: derivation and application to marine ecosystems

DOI10.1007/S11538-009-9496-5zbMATH Open1198.92046OpenAlexW2044030853WikidataQ51758835 ScholiaQ51758835MaRDI QIDQ711488FDOQ711488

Authors Samik Datta, G. W. Delius, Richard Law

Publication date 26 October 2010

Published in Bulletin of Mathematical Biology (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/0812.4968

zbMATH Keywords

master equationpredator-preystochastic processmarine ecosystemgrowth diffusionMcKendrick-von Foerster equationsize-spectrumsystematic expansion

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Applications of Brownian motions and diffusion theory (population genetics, absorption problems, etc.) (60J70) Probabilistic models, generic numerical methods in probability and statistics (65C20) Ecology (92D40) PDEs in connection with biology, chemistry and other natural sciences (35Q92)

Abstract: This paper investigates the dynamics of biomass in a marine ecosystem. A stochastic process is defined in which organisms undergo jumps in body size as they catch and eat smaller organisms. Using a systematic expansion of the master equation, we derive a deterministic equation for the macroscopic dynamics, which we call the deterministic jump-growth equation, and a linear Fokker-Planck equation for the stochastic fluctuations. The McKendrick--von Foerster equation, used in previous studies, is shown to be a first-order approximation, appropriate in equilibrium systems where predators are much larger than their prey. The model has a power-law steady state consistent with the approximate constancy of mass density in logarithmic intervals of body mass often observed in marine ecosystems. The behaviours of the stochastic process, the deterministic jump-growth equation and the McKendrick--von Foerster equation are compared using numerical methods. The numerical analysis shows two classes of attractors: steady states and travelling waves.

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Cited in

(9)

• Spatial drivers of instability in marine size-spectrum ecosystems
• Sheldon spectrum and the plankton paradox: two sides of the same coin -- a trait-based plankton size-spectrum model
• Approximation and inference methods for stochastic biochemical kinetics -- a tutorial review
• Effects of predator diet breadth on stability of size spectra
• Stability patterns for a size-structured population model and its stage-structured counterpart
• Stochastic pattern formation and spontaneous polarisation: the linear noise approximation and beyond
• Structured model conserving biomass for the size-spectrum evolution in aquatic ecosystems
• A stability analysis of the power-law steady state of marine size spectra
• Markovian dynamics on complex reaction networks

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