Optimality for totally real immersions and independent mappings of manifolds into C^N

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Publication:713045



Abstract: The optimal target dimensions are determined for totally real immersions and for independent mappings into complex affine spaces. Our arguments are similar to those given by Forster, but we use orientable manifolds as far as possible and so are able to obtain improved results for orientable manifolds of even dimension. This leads to new examples showing that the known immersion and submersion dimensions for holomorphic mappings from Stein manifolds to affine spaces are best possible.


Let \(M\) always be a smooth, second countable manifold of real dimension \(n\). Then -- as the authors recall in an appendix -- the following two theorems are easily proved by counting dimensions and the Thom Transversality Theorem: Theorem 1. There exists a totally real immersion of each \(n\)-dimensional manifold \(M\) into \(\mathbb{C}^N\), provided \(N\geq [\frac{3n}{2}]\). Theorem 2. For every manifold \(M\) of dimension \(n\) there is a smooth map \(F: M\rightarrow\mathbb{C}^N\) whose component functions are independent, provided \(N\leq [\frac{n+1}{2}]\). In the present paper, the authors prove that both theorems stated above are optimal by studying simple examples in all positive dimensions. The examples consist of suitable direct products of \(\mathbb{C}\mathbb{P}^2\), \(\mathbb{R}\mathbb{P}^2\) and \(S^1\). In essence, the main arguments come down to computing and comparing Chern and Pontrjagin classes. Moreover, the authors compare their results to those for holomorphic immersions and submersions of Stein manifolds proved by \textit{O. Forster} [Comment. Math. Helv. 45, 170--184 (1970; Zbl 0184.31403)] and \textit{F. Forstnerič} [Acta Math. 191, No. 2, 143--189 (2003; Zbl 1064.32021)].











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