Certain families of polynomials arising in the study of hyperelliptic Lie algebras

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Abstract: The associative ring R(P(t))=mathbbC[tpm1,u,|,u2=P(t)], where P(t)=sumi=0naiti=prodk=1n(talphai) with alphaiinmathbbC pairwise distinct, is the coordinate ring of a hyperelliptic curve. The Lie algebra mathcalR(P(t))=extDer(R(P(t))) of derivations is called the hyperelliptic Lie algebra associated to P(t). In this paper we describe the universal central extension of extDer(R(P(t))) in terms of certain families of polynomials which in a particular case are associated Legendre polynomials. Moreover we describe certain families of polynomials that arise in the study of the group of units for the ring R(P(t)) where P(t)=t42bt2+1. In this study pairs of Chebychev polynomials (Un,Tn) arise as particular cases of a pairs (rn,sn) with rn+snsqrtP(t) a unit in R(P(t)). We explicitly describe these polynomial pairs as coefficients of certain generating functions and show certain of these polynomials satisfy particular second order linear differential equations.



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