The conjugation representation of GL₂ and SL₂ over finite local rings
This article investigates a classical problem in the representation theory of finite groups of Lie type, focusing on the character containment properties of the complex conjugation representation. For a finite group \(G\), this permutation module is defined by the action of \(G\) on itself via conjugation and a long-standing question consists of determining which irreducible constituents appear in its character, a condition known to require triviality on the centre of \(G\). Motivated by a problem raised by Hain concerning Hecke actions on iterated Shimura integrals, P. H. Tiep proved that for \(G = \mathrm{ SL}_2(\mathbb{Z}/p^{r}) \) with \(r \ge 1\) and \(p \ge 5\), every irreducible character trivial on the centre of \(G\) is contained in the conjugation representation and conjectured that this property should hold for small primes \(p=2\) and \(p=3\).\N\NIn the paper under review, the authors settle the Hain-Tiep question completely in the affirmative by providing a simultaneous and unified treatment for both groups \(G = \mathrm{GL}_2(\mathcal{O}_r)\) and \(G = \mathrm{SL}_2(\mathcal{O}_r)\), where \(\mathcal{O}_r = \mathcal{O}/\mathfrak{p}^r\) is a finite local principal ideal ring with a finite residue field \(\mathbb{F}_q\) of characteristic \(p\). The main theorems establish that for both \(\mathrm{GL}_2(\mathcal{O}_r)\) and \(\mathrm{SL}_2(\mathcal{O}_r)\), any irreducible complex character trivial on the respective centre is a constituent of the conjugation representation, closing the gap for \(p \in \{2, 3\}\) and generalising the result to arbitrary finite local principal ideal rings.\N\NThe methodology represents a significant departure from Tiep's original approach; instead of using uniform elements, the authors introduce a family of special group elements \(g_{\hat{\beta}}\) attached to a regular matrix \(\hat{\beta}\) that represents the Clifford orbit of the representation. The proof utilizes Mackey's formula and Clifford theory to systematically reduce the problem to verifying that the restriction of certain characters to centralisers contains the trivial representation, handling the intricate case of \(p = 2\) through a modified Heisenberg lift. The paper is self-contained, highly detailed and completely solves the character containment problem for these families of matrix groups over local rings.
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- Die irreduziblen Darstellungen der Gruppen SL₂(Z_p), insbesondere SL₂(Z₂). II
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- The adjoint representation of group algebras and enveloping algebras
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- The Conjugation Representation and Fusionless Extensions
- The regular representations of \(\mathrm{GL}_N\) over finite local principal ideal rings
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