Quantum charges and spacetime topology: the emergence of new superselection sectors

DOI10.1007/S00220-008-0671-6MaRDI QIDQ731346zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Romeo Brunetti, Giuseppe Ruzzi

Publication date 2 October 2009

Published in Communications in Mathematical Physics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/0801.3365

zbMATH Keywords

spacetime topologysuperselection sectorsaxiomatic quantum field theory1-cocyclesalgebras of local observablesquantum charges

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Axiomatic quantum field theory; operator algebras (81T05) Operator algebra methods applied to problems in quantum theory (81R15) Applications of selfadjoint operator algebras to physics (46L60)

Abstract: In which is developed a new form of superselection sectors of topological origin. By that it is meant a new investigation that includes several extensions of the traditional framework of Doplicher, Haag and Roberts in local quantum theories. At first we generalize the notion of representations of nets of C*-algebras, then we provide a brand new view on selection criteria by adopting one with a strong topological flavour. We prove that it is coherent with the older point of view, hence a clue to a genuine extension. In this light, we extend Roberts' cohomological analysis to the case where 1--cocycles bear non trivial unitary representations of the fundamental group of the spacetime, equivalently of its Cauchy surface in case of global hyperbolicity. A crucial tool is a notion of group von Neumann algebras generated by the 1-cocycles evaluated on loops over fixed regions. One proves that these group von Neumann algebras are localized at the bounded region where loops start and end and to be factorial of finite type I. All that amounts to a new invariant, in a topological sense, which can be defined as the dimension of the factor. We prove that any 1-cocycle can be factorized into a part that contains only the charge content and another where only the topological information is stored. This second part resembles much what in literature are known as geometric phases. Indeed, by the very geometrical origin of the 1-cocycles that we discuss in the paper, they are essential tools in the theory of net bundles, and the topological part is related to their holonomy content. At the end we prove the existence of net representations.

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Cited in

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• Dynamical locality of the free scalar field
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