Orbit configuration spaces associated to discrete subgroups of PSL(2, R)

DOI10.1016/J.JPAA.2009.04.003MaRDI QIDQ734814zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Toshitake Kohno, F. R. Cohen, M. A. Xicoténcatl

Publication date 13 October 2009

Published in Journal of Pure and Applied Algebra (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/math/0310393

braid group Lie algebra orbit configuration space Poisson structure

Derived series, central series, and generalizations for groups (20F14) Homology with local coefficients, equivariant cohomology (55N25) Discriminantal varieties and configuration spaces in algebraic topology (55R80)

Abstract: The purpose of this article is to analyze several Lie algebras associated to "orbit configuration spaces" obtained from a group G acting freely, and properly discontinuously on the upper 1/2-plane H^2. The Lie algebra obtained from the descending central series for the associated fundamental group is shown to be isomorphic, up to a regrading, to (1) the Lie algebra obtained from the higher homotopy groups of "higher dimensional arrangements" modulo torsion, as well as (2)the Lie obtained from horizontal chord diagrams for surfaces. The resulting Lie algebras are similar to those studied in [13, 14, 15, 2, 7, 8, 6]. The structure of a related graded Poisson algebra defined below and obtained from an analogue of the infinitesimal braid relations parametrized by G is also addressed.

Review text

This paper establishes a correspondence between three kinds of Lie algebras centered around the fundamental group of an orbit configuration space. The \(n\)-th orbit configuration space \(\text{Conf}^G({\mathbb H}^2,n)\) of a discrete subgroup \(G\) of \(\text{PSL}_2(\mathbb R )\), acting by linear fractional transformations on the upper half plane \({\mathbb H}^2\), is the space of \(n\)-tuples of points of \({\mathbb H}^2\), any two entries of which lie in disjoint orbits of \(G\). The group \(G\) is chosen to be the fundamental group of a closed Riemann surface \(S_g\), in which case \(P_n(S_g)\) denotes the fundamental group of \(\text{Conf}^G({\mathbb H}^2,n)\). This orbit configuration space turns out to enjoy many of the homotopy properties of the more classical configuration space of points in Euclidean space, in particular it has the homology of a product of bouquets of spheres (Theorem 1.2). The primitive elements in the loop space homology (over a field) of a connected space \(X\) form a graded Lie algebra written \(\operatorname{Prim} H_*(\Omega X)\). When \(X\) is the \(n\)-th orbit configuration space of \(G\) acting on \({\mathbb H}^2\times\mathbb C^q\), the authors identify \(\operatorname{Prim} H_*(\Omega X)\) up to a degree shift depending on \(q\), with \(E_0(P_n(S_g))\), the descending central series of \(P_n(S_g)\). This isomorphism is made quite explicit since the structure of the Lie algebra of primitives is completely determined in terms of generators and relations (Theorem 1.1). On the other hand, and to any surface \(S_g\), \textit{J. Gonzalez-Meneses} and \textit{L. Paris} associated an associative, non-commutative algebra of ``horizontal chord diagrams \(A_n^0(S_g)\) based on the construction of the Vassiliev invariants of knots [Trans. Am. Math. Soc. 356, No. 1, 219--243 (2004; Zbl 1036.57003)]. The authors in this paper observe that this algebra \(A_n^0(S_g)\) is none but the universal enveloping algebra of \(E_0(P_n(S_g))\). Earlier work of the second author had already described the structure of the graded Lie algebra associated to the descending central series of the pure (Artin) braid group on \(n\)-strands corresponding here to \(\pi_1(\text{Conf}^G({\mathbb H}^2,n))\) when \(G\) is the trivial group. Finally the authors describe, similarly in terms of generators and ``infinitesimal braid relations, the graded Poisson algebra structure of the rational homology of any iterated loop space \(\Omega^k\text{Conf}^G({\mathbb H}^2\times\mathbb C^q,n)\), provided \(1<k<2q+1\) (Theorem 1.4). This extends to the setting of surfaces earlier calculations of the first and third authors.

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