annihilation and creation operators on the Bargmann spacecontinuous version of the Perron-Frobenius theoremformally self-adjointintegral operator of Hilbert Schmidt type with strictly positive kernelJentzsch theoremspectral radius
Spectrum, resolvent (47A10) Perturbation theory of linear operators (47A55) (Generalized) eigenfunction expansions of linear operators; rigged Hilbert spaces (47A70) Linear symmetric and selfadjoint operators (unbounded) (47B25) Linear operators on spaces with an indefinite metric (47B50) Perturbation theories for operators and differential equations in quantum theory (81Q15)
Let A and \(A^*\) be the annihilation and creation operators on the Bargmann space. The present paper studies analytic dependence of a special eigenvalue of the operator \(H_{\mu}=\mu A^*A+iA^*(A+A^*)A,\) considered on the orthocomplement of the vacuum state. A key point is that for \(\mu>0\) the inverse \(K_{\mu}\) of \(H_{\mu}\) can be considered as an integral operator of Hilbert Schmidt type with strictly positive kernel \(N_{\mu}\) on a suitable weighted \(L^ 2\)-space. \(N_{\mu}\) decreases as \(\mu\) increases. Moreover one can extend analytically the map \(\mu \to N_{\mu}\) over the whole complex plane in such a way that \(N_{\mu}\) is positive on the whole real line. According to the Jentzsch theorem, a continuous version of the Perron- Frobenius theorem, for real \(\mu\), the spectral radius \(\sigma\) (\(\mu)\) of \(N_{\mu}\) is a simple positive eigenvalue. The function \(\sigma\) (\(\mu)\) is decreasing and becomes analytic. This proves that for \(\mu>0\), \(E(\mu):=1/\sigma(\mu)\) is a smallest eigenvalue of \(H_{\mu}\), and that the function \(E(\mu)\) admits a positive, increasing analytic extension of the whole real line. In particular, \(E(0)\neq 0,\) contrary to what might have been expected from the fact that \(A^*(A+A^*)A\) is formally self- adjoint.
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