Polarizations of Prym varieties of pairs of coverings

DOI10.1007/S00013-005-1279-0MaRDI QIDQ818744zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Herbert Lange, Sevin Recillas Pishmish

Publication date 21 March 2006

Published in Archiv der Mathematik (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/math/0508456

Jacobians, Prym varieties (14H40) Algebraic theory of abelian varieties (14K05)

Abstract: To any pair of coverings

f_{i} : X a X_{i}, i = 1, 2

of smooth projective curves one can associate an abelian subvariety of the Jacobian

J_{X}

, the Prym variety

P (f_{1}, f_{2})

of the pair

(f_{1}, f_{2})

. In some cases we can compute the type of the restriction of the canonical principal polarization of

J X

. We obtain 2 families of Prym-Tyurin varieties of exponent 6.

Review text

This paper can is a sequel of \textit{H. Lange} and \textit{S. Recillas} [Adv. Geom. 4, No. 3, 373--387 (2004; Zbl 1070.14032)], where the authors introduce a special class of abelian varieties, Prym varieties of pairs of coverings, and study their basic properties. For a given 4-tuple of finite coverings of smooth irreducible curves \(f_i: X \rightarrow X_i\),\ \(g_i: X_i \rightarrow Y\), \(i = 1,2\) forming a commutative diagram, and such that \(g_1\) and \(g_2\) do not factorize via a morphism \(Y' \rightarrow Y\) of degree \(\geq 2\), the Prym variety \(P(f_1,f_2)\) is an abelian subvariety of the Jacobian \(J(X)\) given as the complement of the \(f_2\)-preimage of the Prym variety of \(g_2\) inside the Prym variety of \(f_1\). By \S 1 of the cited above paper, this definition is correct and does not depend on the change of indices \(1 \leftrightarrow 2\). In Section 3 of the present paper is studied the polarization on \(P = P(f_1,f_2)\) defined as a restriction of the canonical principal polarization \(\Theta\) on the Jacobian \(J(X) \supset P\) in the particular case when \(Y = \mathbb P^1\) and with mutually prime degrees \(d_1 = \deg(g_1)\) and \(d_2 = \deg(g_2)\). Of a particular interest is the case when the restricted polarization \(\Theta| _P\) is an integer multiple \(\Theta| _P = q.\Xi\) of a principal polarization \(\Xi\) on \(P\), i.e. when \(P\) is a Prym-Tyurin variety in \(J(X)\) of exponent \(q\). Still in the above conditions, Propositions 3.3 and 3.4 show that: 1. If \(f_1\) and \(f_2\) do not factorize via a cyclic unramified covering, then \(P = P(f_1,f_2)\) is a Prym-Tyurin variety in \(J(X)\) of exponent \(d_1.d_2\) iff \(\dim(P) = g(X_1) = g(X_2)\); 2. If \(f_1\) does not factorize via an unramified covering and if \(f_2\) is étale cyclic, then \(P = P(f_1,f_2)\) is a Prym-Tyurin variety in \(J(X)\) of exponent \(d_1.d_2\) iff \(\dim(P) = g(X_1) = g(X_2) - 1\); and in case when \(\dim(P) \geq 2\) then \(d_1 = 3\). In Section 4 the results 1 and 2 are used to describe two special families of Prym varieties of pairs of coverings, which are Prym-Tyurin varieties of exponent \(6\).

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