Reducibility of Dupin submanifolds

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Abstract: We introduce the notion of weak reduciblity for Dupin submanifolds with arbitrary codimension. We give a complete characterization of all weakly reducible Dupin submanifolds, as a consequence of a general result on a broader class of Euclidean submanifolds. As a main application, we derive an explicit recursive procedure to generate all holonomic Dupin submanifolds in terms of solutions of completely integrable systems of linear partial differential equations of first order. We obtain several additional results on Dupin submanifolds.


A smooth normal vector field \(\eta\) of an isometric immersion \(f:M^n\to\mathbb{R}^N\) is called a principal normal with multiplicity \(s\geq 1\) if the tangent subspaces \(E_\eta= \ker(h_f-\langle,\rangle\eta)\) have constant dimension \(s\), where \(h_f: TM\times TM\to T^\perp_f M\) stands for the second fundamental form of \(f\) with values in the normal bundle. A principal normal \(\eta\) of multiplicity \(s\) is called Dupin if it is parallel in the normal connection of \(f\) along the distribution \(E_\eta\). A \(k\)-Dupin submanifold is given by \(f\) with flat normal bundle that have exactly \(k\) principal normals all of which are Dupin. It is called weakly reducible if it has a principal normal \(\eta\) for which the connullity distribution \(E^\perp_\eta\), that is, the orthogonal distribution to \(E_\eta\) in the tangent bundle \(TM\), is integrable. The main result is that any \(k\)-Dupin submanifold that is weakly reducible is the \(N\)-Ribaucour transform of a \(( k-1\))-Dupin submanifold determined by a commuting Codazzi tensor of Dupin type. As a main application, an explicit recursive procedure is derived to generate all holonomic Dupin submanifolds in terms of solutions of completely integrable systems of linear partial differential equations of first-order. A complete description of the weakly reducible \(4\)-Dupin submanifolds is given.











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