DFSZ axion couplings revisited

DOI10.1016/J.PHYSLETB.2020.135881MaRDI QIDQ820344zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Jin Sun, Xiao-Gang He

Publication date 27 September 2021

Published in Physics Letters B (Search for Journal in Brave)

Copyright license Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/2006.16931

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Quantum optics (81V80) Electromagnetic interaction; quantum electrodynamics (81V10) Unified quantum theories (81V22) Other elementary particle theory in quantum theory (81V25) Radiative transfer in astronomy and astrophysics (85A25)

Abstract: Among many possibilities, solar axion has been proposed to explain the electronic recoil events excess observed by Xenon1T collaboration, although it has tension with astrophysical observations. The axion couplings, to photon $g_{agamma}$ and to electron $g_{ae}$ play important roles. These couplings are related to the Peccei-Quinn (PQ) charges $X_f$ for fermions. In most of the calculations, $g_{agamma}$ is obtained by normalizing to the ratio of electromagnetic anomaly factor $E=Tr{X}_f{Q}_f^2{N}_c$ ($N_c$ is 3 and 1 for quarks and charged leptons respectively) and QCD anomaly factor $N=Tr{X}_{q}T(q)$ ($T(q)$ is quarks' $SU(3{)}_c$ index). The broken PQ symmetry generator is used in the calculation which does not seem to extract out the components of broken generator in the axion which are "eaten" by the $Z$ boson. However, using the physical components of axion or the ratio of anomaly factors should obtain the same results in the DFSZ for $g_{agamma}$. When going beyond the standard DFSZ models, such as variant DFSZ models, where more Higgs doublets and fermions have different PQ charges, one may wonder if the results are different. We show that the two methods obtain the same results as expected, but the axion couplings to quarks and leptons $g_{af}$ (here f indicates one of the fermions in the SM) are more conveniently calculated in the physical axion basis. The result depends on the values of the vacuum expectation values leading to a wider parameter space for $g_{af}$ in beyond the standard DFSZ axion. We also show explicitly how flavor conserving $g_{af}$ couplings can be maintained when there are more than one Higgs doublets couple to the up and down fermion sectors in variant DFSZ models at tree level, and how flavor violating couplings can arise.

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Cites work

• An invisible axion model with controlled FCNCs at tree level
• CP violating phase sum rule \(\delta_{\mathrm{KM}}^q + \delta_{\mathrm{KM}}^l = 0\) for CKM and PMNS matrices

Cited in

(4)

• Axion couplings in gauged \(\mathrm{U}(1)^\prime\) extensions of the standard model
• Effective aligned 2HDM with a DFSZ-like invisible axion
• Reloading the axion in a 3-3-1 setup
• Classification of three-family flavoured DFSZ axion models that have no domain wall problem

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