Measuring the local non-convexity of real algebraic curves

DOI10.1016/J.JSC.2020.07.017MaRDI QIDQ820982zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Publication date 29 September 2021

Published in Journal of Symbolic Computation (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1907.08585

level curve real algebraic curve stabilisation non-convexity polar curve smooth Jordan curve strict local minimum star domain Poincaré-Reeb tree

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Singularities of curves, local rings (14H20) Plane and space curves (14H50) Real algebraic sets (14P05) Topology of real algebraic varieties (14P25) Local complex singularities (32S05) Critical points and critical submanifolds in differential topology (57R70) Modifications; resolution of singularities (complex-analytic aspects) (32S45)

Abstract: The goal of this paper is to measure the non-convexity of compact and smooth connected components of real algebraic plane curves. We study these curves first in a general setting and then in an asymptotic one. In particular, we consider sufficiently small levels of a real bivariate polynomial in a small enough neighbourhood of a strict local minimum at the origin of the real affine plane. We introduce and describe a new combinatorial object, called the Poincare-Reeb graph, whose role is to encode the shape of such curves and to allow us to quantify their non-convexity. Moreover, we prove that in this setting the Poincare-Reeb graph is a plane tree and can be used as a tool to study the asymptotic behaviour of level curves near a strict local minimum. Finally, using the real polar curve, we show that locally the shape of the levels stabilises and that no spiralling phenomena occur near the origin.

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