The degree of symmetry of lattice paths

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Publication:825957

DOI10.1007/S00026-021-00551-6zbMATH Open1479.05014arXiv2002.12874OpenAlexW3195070597MaRDI QIDQ825957FDOQ825957


Authors: Sergi Elizalde Edit this on Wikidata


Publication date: 18 December 2021

Published in: Annals of Combinatorics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: The degree of symmetry of a combinatorial object, such as a lattice path, is a measure of how symmetric the object is. It typically ranges from zero, if the object is completely asymmetric, to its size, if it is completely symmetric. We study the behavior of this statistic on Dyck paths and grand Dyck paths, with symmetry described by reflection along a vertical line through their midpoint; partitions, with symmetry given by conjugation; and certain compositions interpreted as bargraphs. We find expressions for the generating functions for these objects with respect to their degree of symmetry, and their semilength or semiperimeter, deducing in most cases that, asymptotically, the degree of symmetry has a Rayleigh or half-normal limiting distribution. The resulting generating functions are often algebraic, with the notable exception of Dyck paths, for which we conjecture that it is D-finite (but not algebraic), based on a functional equation that we obtain using bijections to walks in the plane.


Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/2002.12874




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