On similarity classes of well-rounded sublattices of Z^2

DOI10.1016/J.JNT.2009.01.023MaRDI QIDQ838459zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Publication date 26 August 2009

Published in Journal of Number Theory (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/0708.1596

lattices poles zeta functions binary quadratic forms sphere packing density of similarity classes well rounded sublattices

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Quadratic and bilinear Diophantine equations (11D09) Lattices and convex bodies (number-theoretic aspects) (11H06) Other Dirichlet series and zeta functions (11M41) Distribution of integers with specified multiplicative constraints (11N25) Zeta functions and (L)-functions of number fields (11R42)

Abstract: A lattice is called well-rounded if its minimal vectors span the corresponding Euclidean space. In this paper we study the similarity classes of well-rounded sublattices of

{m a t h b b Z}^{2}

. We relate the set of all such similarity classes to a subset of primitive Pythagorean triples, and prove that it has structure of a noncommutative infinitely generated monoid. We discuss the structure of a given similarity class, and define a zeta function corresponding to each similarity class. We relate it to Dedekind zeta of

m a t h b b Z [i]

, and investigate the growth of some related Dirichlet series, which reflect on the distribution of well-rounded lattices. Finally, we construct a sequence of similarity classes of well-rounded sublattices of

{m a t h b b Z}^{2}

, which gives good circle packing density and converges to the hexagonal lattice as fast as possible with respect to a natural metric we define.

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