On the 3-state Mealy automata over an m-symbol alphabet of growth order [n^ n/2 m].

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Abstract: We consider the sequence Jm,mge2 of the 3-state Mealy automata over an m-symbol alphabet such that the growth function of Jm has the intermediate growth order [nlogn/2logm]. For each automaton Jm we describe the automaton transformation monoid SJm, defined by it, provide generating series for the growth functions, and consider primary properties of SJm and Jm.


In their previous paper [Math. Notes 72, No. 1, 90-104 (2002); translation from Mat. Zametki 72, No. 1, 102-117 (2002; Zbl 1027.20048)], the authors gave a two-state Mealy automaton \(I_2\) with intermediate growth \([\exp\sqrt n]\) and raised the question of the existence of automata with growth strictly between polynomial and \(\exp\sqrt n\). In the present paper they exhibit a 3-state Mealy automaton \(J_m\) over an \(m\)-letter alphabet and show that the growth of \(J_m\) is equal to \([n^{(\log n)/(2\log m)}]\). They give a presentation of the semigroup \(S_m\) associated with \(J_m\) and show that the equalities \([\gamma_{J_m}]=[\gamma_{S_m}]=[n^{(\log n)/(2\log m)}]\) hold for the growths of \(J_m\) and \(S_m\).











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