Bäcklund transformations, Ward solitons, and unitons

DOI10.4310/JDG/1175266254zbMATH Open1108.58028arXivmath/0405363OpenAlexW2051401467WikidataQ115196599 ScholiaQ115196599MaRDI QIDQ861783FDOQ861783

Authors: Bo Dai, Chuu-Lian Terng 

Publication date: 31 January 2007

Published in: Journal of Differential Geometry (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: The Ward equation, also called the modified 2+1 chiral model, is obtained by a dimension reduction and a gauge fixing from the self-dual Yang-Mills field equation on $R^{2,2}$. It has a Lax pair and is an integrable system. Ward constructed solitons whose extended solutions have distinct simple poles. He also used a limiting method to construct 2-solitons whose extended solutions have a double pole. Ioannidou and Zakrzewski, and Anand constructed more soliton solutions whose extended solutions have a double or triple pole. Some of the main results of this paper are: (i) We construct algebraic B"acklund transformations (BTs) that generate new solutions of the Ward equation from a given one by an algebraic method. (ii) We use an order $k$ limiting method and algebraic BTs to construct explicit Ward solitons, whose extended solutions have arbitrary poles and multiplicities. (iii) We prove that our construction gives all solitons of the Ward equation explicitly and the entries of Ward solitons must be rational functions in $x,y$ and $t$. (iv) Since stationary Ward solitons are unitons, our method also gives an explicit construction of all $k$-unitons from finitely many rational maps from $C$ to $C^n$.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/math/0405363

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Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Soliton theory, asymptotic behavior of solutions of infinite-dimensional Hamiltonian systems (37K40) Geometric theory, characteristics, transformations in context of PDEs (35A30) Soliton equations (35Q51) Lie-Bäcklund and other transformations for infinite-dimensional Hamiltonian and Lagrangian systems (37K35) Global Riemannian geometry, including pinching (53C20) Correspondences and other transformation methods (e.g., Lie-Bäcklund) for PDEs on manifolds (58J72) Relations of infinite-dimensional Hamiltonian and Lagrangian dynamical systems with topology, geometry and differential geometry (37K25)

Cited In (15)

• Holomorphic vector bundles corresponding to some soliton solutions of the Ward equation
• Compactified twistor fibration and topology of Ward unitons
• Harmonic maps into the orthogonal group and null curves
• Noncommutative multisoliton solutions of a supersymmetric chiral model
• New constructions of twistor lifts for harmonic maps
• Explicit construction of harmonic two-spheres into the complex Grassmannian
• All harmonic 2-spheres in the unitary group, completely explicitly
• Filtrations, factorizations and explicit formulae for harmonic maps
• Reduced dynamics of Ward solitons
• Bäcklund transformations, energy shift and the plane wave limit
• The inverse spectral theory for the Ward equation and for the \(2+1\) chiral model.
• A class of overdetermined systems defined by tableaux: involutiveness and the Cauchy problem
• Generators for rational loop groups
• The Cauchy problem of the Ward equation
• Higher-order conservation laws for the nonlinear Poisson equation via characteristic cohomology

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