Differential geometry on diffeomorphism groups and Lagrangian stability of viscous flows
Hamiltonian systems on groups of diffeomorphisms and on manifolds of mappings and metrics (37K65) Symmetries of infinite-dimensional dissipative dynamical systems (37L20) Dynamical systems in fluid mechanics, oceanography and meteorology (37N10) Applications of global differential geometry to the sciences (53C80) Groups of diffeomorphisms and homeomorphisms as manifolds (58D05) Navier-Stokes equations for incompressible viscous fluids (76D05) Hydrodynamic stability (76E99)
Let \(\nabla\) be a connection on a manifold \(M\) and \(\tau\) be a \((1,1)\) tensor field on \(M\) (i.e., a field of linear operators in tangent spaces). The author introduces the notion of \(\tau\)-geodesic as a curve \(x(t)\) satisfying the equation \(\nabla{\dot x}\dot x+\tau(\dot x)=0\). Then it is shown that the flow of viscous incompressible fluid on a compact manifold is a \(\tau\)-geodesic on the manifold of volume-preserving diffeomorphisms with \(\tau=-{\frac 1R}\Delta\) where \(R\) is Reynolds number and \(\Delta\) is Laplacian. An analogue of the Jacobi equation for such geodesic is investigated in relation with Lagrangian stability. Reviewer's remark: The presentation of the flow of viscous incompressible fluid as a \(\tau\)-geodesic with above \(\tau\) on the group of diffeomorphisms is in fact a new point of view at the description of viscous incompressible fluid given in the famous paper [\textit{D. Ebin} and \textit{J. Marsden}, ``Groups of diffeomorphisms and the motion of an incompressible fluid, Ann. Math. (2) 92, 102--163 (1970; Zbl 0211.57401)].
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