The self-gravitating gas in the presence of the cosmological constant
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Abstract: The non-relativistic self-gravitating gas in thermal equilibrium in the presence of a positive cosmological constant Lambda (dark energy) is investigated. The dark energy introduces a force pushing outward all particles with strength proportional to their distance to the center of mass.We consider the statistical mechanics of the self-gravitating gas of N particles in a volume V at thermal equilibrium in the presence of Lambda. It is shown that the thermodynamic limit exists and is described by the mean field equations provided N, V -> inf with N/V^{1/3} fixed and Lambda V^{2/3} fixed. That is, Lambda -> 0 for N, V -> inf. The case of Lambda fixed and N, V -> inf is solved too. We solve numerically the mean field equation for spherical symmetry obtaining an isothermal sphere for Lambda>0. The particle distribution turns to flatten compared with the Lambda = 0 case.Moreover, the particle density increases with the distance when the cosmological constant dominates. There is a bordering case with uniform density.The density contrast between the center and the boundary is significatively reduced. In addition, the critical point associated to the collapse (Jeans') phase transition is pushed towards higher values of N/[T V^{1/3}] by the presence of Lambda > 0.The nature and the behaviour near the critical points is not affected by the presence of Lambda>0.
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Cites work
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- scientific article; zbMATH DE number 5245628 (Why is no real title available?)
- scientific article; zbMATH DE number 3285118 (Why is no real title available?)
- Statistical mechanics of the self-gravitating gas. I: Thermodynamic limit and phase diagrams
- Statistical mechanics of the self-gravitating gas. II: Local physical magnitudes and fractal structures
- The cosmological constant and dark energy
Cited in
(10)- A statistical representation of the cosmological constant from finite size effects at the apparent horizon
- Gravitational instabilities of isothermal spheres in the presence of a cosmological constant
- Statistical mechanics of the self-gravitating gas. II: Local physical magnitudes and fractal structures
- A brief analysis of self-gravitating polytropic models with a non-zero cosmological constant (research note)
- Comment on: ``The cluster expansion for the self-gravitating gas and the thermodynamic limit by de Vega and Sanchez
- Thermodynamics of gravitational clustering phenomena: \(N\)-body self-gravitating gas on the sphere \({{\mathbb{S}}^3}\subset{{\mathbb{R}}^4} \)
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- PHASE TRANSITIONS IN SELF-GRAVITATING SYSTEMS
- Thermal equilibrium states and instability of self-gravitating particles in an asymptotically AdS spacetime
- Uniform expansion of a gravitating gas
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