The self-gravitating gas in the presence of the cosmological constant

DOI10.1016/J.NUCLPHYSB.2004.11.013zbMATH Open1160.83365arXivastro-ph/0305322OpenAlexW70159914MaRDI QIDQ874609FDOQ874609

Authors: H. J. de Vega, J. A. Siebert 

Publication date: 10 April 2007

Published in: Nuclear Physics B (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: The non-relativistic self-gravitating gas in thermal equilibrium in the presence of a positive cosmological constant Lambda (dark energy) is investigated. The dark energy introduces a force pushing outward all particles with strength proportional to their distance to the center of mass.We consider the statistical mechanics of the self-gravitating gas of N particles in a volume V at thermal equilibrium in the presence of Lambda. It is shown that the thermodynamic limit exists and is described by the mean field equations provided N, V -> inf with N/V^{1/3} fixed and Lambda V^{2/3} fixed. That is, Lambda -> 0 for N, V -> inf. The case of Lambda fixed and N, V -> inf is solved too. We solve numerically the mean field equation for spherical symmetry obtaining an isothermal sphere for Lambda>0. The particle distribution turns to flatten compared with the Lambda = 0 case.Moreover, the particle density increases with the distance when the cosmological constant dominates. There is a bordering case with uniform density.The density contrast between the center and the boundary is significatively reduced. In addition, the critical point associated to the collapse (Jeans') phase transition is pushed towards higher values of N/[T V^{1/3}] by the presence of Lambda > 0.The nature and the behaviour near the critical points is not affected by the presence of Lambda>0.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/astro-ph/0305322

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zbMATH Keywords

cosmological constantmean field theoryhydrostatics of the self-gravitating gasNon-relativistic gravitypartition function of the self-gravitating gasspherically symmetric case

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Relativistic cosmology (83F05)

Cites Work

• The cosmological constant and dark energy
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• Statistical mechanics of the self-gravitating gas. I: Thermodynamic limit and phase diagrams
• Statistical mechanics of the self-gravitating gas. II: Local physical magnitudes and fractal structures

Cited In (10)

• A statistical representation of the cosmological constant from finite size effects at the apparent horizon
• PHASE TRANSITIONS IN SELF-GRAVITATING SYSTEMS
• Uniform expansion of a gravitating gas
• Statistical mechanics of the self-gravitating gas. II: Local physical magnitudes and fractal structures
• The self-gravitating gas in the presence of dark energy: Monte Carlo simulations and stability analysis
• Thermodynamics of gravitational clustering phenomena: \(N\)-body self-gravitating gas on the sphere \({{\mathbb{S}}^3}\subset{{\mathbb{R}}^4} \)
• Thermal equilibrium states and instability of self-gravitating particles in an asymptotically AdS spacetime
• Gravitational instabilities of isothermal spheres in the presence of a cosmological constant
• Comment on: ``The cluster expansion for the self-gravitating gas and the thermodynamic limit by de Vega and Sanchez
• A brief analysis of self-gravitating polytropic models with a non-zero cosmological constant (research note)

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