Abstract: We explore some fundamental differences in the phenomenology, cosmology and model building of Split Supersymmetry compared with traditional low-scale supersymmetry. We show how the mass spectrum of Split Supersymmetry naturally emerges from theories where the dominant source of supersymmetry breaking preserves an symmetry, characterize the class of theories where the unavoidable -breaking by gravity can be neglected, and point out a new possibility, where supersymmetry breaking is directly communicated at tree level to the visible sector via renormalizable interactions. Next, we discuss possible low-energy signals for Split Supersymmetry. The absence of new light scalars removes all the phenomenological difficulties of low-energy supersymmetry, associated with one-loop flavor and CP violating effects. However, the electric dipole moments of leptons and quarks do arise at two loops, and are automatically at the level of present limits with no need for small phases, making them accessible to several ongoing new-generation experiments. We also study proton decay in the context of Split Supersymmetry, and point out scenarios where the dimension-six induced decays may be observable. Finally, we show that the novel spectrum of Split Supersymmetry opens up new possibilities for the generation of dark matter, as the decays of ultraheavy gravitinos in the early universe typically increase the abundance of the lightest neutralino above its usual freeze-out value. This allows for lighter gauginos and Higgsinos, more accessible both to the LHC and to dark-matter detection experiments.
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