Vacuum orbit and spontaneous symmetry breaking in hyperbolic sigma-models

DOI10.1016/J.NUCLPHYSB.2005.04.038MaRDI QIDQ875895zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Anthony Duncan, Max Niedermaier, Erhard Seiler

Publication date 16 April 2007

Published in Nuclear Physics B (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/hep-th/0405163

Symmetry breaking in quantum theory (81R40) Model quantum field theories (81T10)

Abstract: We present a detailed study of quantized noncompact, nonlinear SO(1,N) sigma-models in arbitrary space-time dimensions D geq 2, with the focus on issues of spontaneous symmetry breaking of boost and rotation elements of the symmetry group. The models are defined on a lattice both in terms of a transfer matrix and by an appropriately gauge-fixed Euclidean functional integral. The main results in all dimensions geq 2 are: (i) On a finite lattice the systems have infinitely many nonnormalizable ground states transforming irreducibly under a nontrivial representation of SO(1,N); (ii) the SO(1,N) symmetry is spontaneously broken. For D =2 this shows that the systems evade the Mermin-Wagner theorem. In this case in addition: (iii) Ward identities for the Noether currents are derived to verify numerically the absence of explicit symmetry breaking; (iv) numerical results are presented for the two-point functions of the spin field and the Noether current as well as a new order parameter; (v) in a large N saddle-point analysis the dynamically generated squared mass is found to be negative and of order 1/(V ln V) in the volume, the 0-component of the spin field diverges as sqrt{ln V}, while SO(1,N) invariant quantities remain finite.

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