Homotopies and the universal fixed point property

DOI10.1007/S11083-014-9332-XMaRDI QIDQ890006zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Publication date 9 November 2015

Published in Order (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1210.6496

finite poset fixed point property homotopy Kolmogorov space

Combinatorics of partially ordered sets (06A07) Selections in general topology (54C65) Fixed-point and coincidence theorems (topological aspects) (54H25) Fixed points and coincidences in algebraic topology (55M20)

Abstract: A topological space has the fixed point property if every continuous self-map of that space has at least one fixed point. We demonstrate that there are serious restraints imposed by the requirement that there be a choice of fixed points that is continuous whenever the self-map varies continuously. To even specify the problem, we introduce the universal fixed point property. Our results apply in particular to the analysis of convex subspaces of Banach spaces, to the topology of finite-dimensional manifolds and CW complexes, and to the combinatorics of Kolmogorov spaces associated with finite posets.

Review text

The article deals with the question of whether for a continuous family of self-maps \(f_t : X \to X\) of a fixed point space \(X\) (that is, a topological space which has the fixed point property: every self-map has a fixed point) there is a continuous family of points fixed by \(f_t\). In the case such a family of fixed points exists for any family of self-maps indexed by \([0,1]\) (by any topological space \(T\)) the space \(X\) is said to satisfy the \textit{homotopy (universal) fixed point property}. An easy example allows the author to conclude that neither finite-dimensional manifolds or CW complexes nor convex subspaces of Banach spaces satisfy the homotopy fixed point property unless they are a singleton. A continuous map \(\phi : C(X, X) \to X\) is called a \textit{selection map} for \(X\) if \(\phi(f)\) is a fixed point for \(f\) for any \(f \in C(X, X)\). The author proves that for locally compact Hausdorff spaces it is equivalent to have a selection map and to satisfy the universal fixed point property. As a corollary, it is shown that it is enough to consider families indexed by \(C(X, X)\) in order to check the universal fixed point property for locally compact Hausdorff spaces. Finally, posets (partially ordered sets) are studied. Fixed point spaces are shown to be Kolmogorov spaces (also known as \(T_0\) spaces). The category of finite Kolmogorov spaces and continuous maps is isomorphic to the category of finite posets and monotone maps. The author proves that a finite poset has a selection map if and only if its associated \(T_0\) space has the universal fixed point property. This allows to construct examples of spaces satisfying the universal fixed point property: dismantlable finite posets and also a finite \(T_0\) space which is not contractible but admits a selection map.

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