Spectrum of a diffusion operator with coefficient changing sign over a small inclusion

DOI10.1007/S00033-015-0559-1zbMATH Open1328.35132OpenAlexW1510380131MaRDI QIDQ894885FDOQ894885

Authors Lucas Chesnel, Xavier Claeys, Sergei A. Nazarov 

Publication date 24 November 2015

Published in ZAMP. Zeitschrift für angewandte Mathematik und Physik (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1401.2146

zbMATH Keywords

asymptoticseigenvaluessingular perturbationmetamaterialplasmonicssmall inclusionsign-changing coefficientsnegative materials

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Estimates of eigenvalues in context of PDEs (35P15) Asymptotic distributions of eigenvalues in context of PDEs (35P20) PDEs in connection with optics and electromagnetic theory (35Q60) Numerical methods for eigenvalue problems for boundary value problems involving PDEs (65N25)

Abstract: We study a spectral problem $(mathscr{P}^{delta})$ for a diffusion like equation in a 3D domain $Omega$. The main originality lies in the presence of a parameter $sigm{a}^{delta}$, whose sign changes on $Omega$, in the principal part of the operator we consider. More precisely, $sigm{a}^{delta}$ is positive on $Omega$ except in a small inclusion of size $delta>0$. Because of the sign-change of $sigm{a}^{delta}$, for all $delta>0$ the spectrum of $(mathscr{P}^{delta})$ consists of two sequences converging to $pminfty$. However, at the limit $delta=0$, the small inclusion vanishes so that there should only remain positive spectrum for $(mathscr{P}^{delta})$. What happens to the negative spectrum? In this paper, we prove that the positive spectrum of $(mathscr{P}^{delta})$ tends to the spectrum of the problem without the small inclusion. On the other hand, we establish that each negative eigenvalue of $(mathscr{P}^{delta})$ behaves like $delt{a}^{-2}mu$ for some constant $mu<0$. We also show that the eigenfunctions associated with the negative eigenvalues are localized around the small inclusion. We end the article providing 2D numerical experiments illustrating these results.

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