Derivation of a vacuum refractive index in a stringy space-time foam model
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Abstract: It has been suggested that energetic photons propagating in vacuo should experience a non-trivial refractive index due to the foamy structure of space-time induced by quantum-gravitational fluctuations. The sensitivity of recent astrophysical observations, particularly of AGN Mk501 by the MAGIC Collaboration, approaches the Planck scale for a refractive index depending linearly on the photon energy. We present here a new derivation of this quantum-gravitational vacuum refraction index, based on a stringy analogue of the interaction of a photon with internal degrees of freedom in a conventional medium. We model the space-time foam as a gas of D-particles in the bulk space-time of a higher-dimensional cosmology where the observable Universe is a D3-brane. The interaction of an open string representing a photon with a D-particle stretches and excites the string, which subsequently decays and re-emits the photon with a time delay that increases linearly with the photon energy and is related to stringy uncertainty principles. We relate this derivation to other descriptions of the quantum-gravitational refractive index in vacuo.
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Cited in
(13)- Light cone in a quantum spacetime
- A gravitational potential with extra-dimensions and spin effects in hadronic reactions
- D-foam phenomenology: dark energy, the velocity of light and a possible D-void
- String quantum gravity, Lorentz-invariance violation and gamma ray astronomy
- Redshift and lateshift from homogeneous and isotropic modified dispersion relations
- Lorentz violation effects on astrophysical propagation of very high energy photons
- Dark matter, proton decay and other phenomenological constraints in \({\mathcal F}\)-\(SU(5)\)
- Gravitational-recoil effects on fermion propagation in space-time foam
- Decoherence and CPT violation in a stringy model of space-time foam
- Implications of space-time foam for entanglement correlations of neutral kaons
- Quantum gravity, flavour vacua and supersymmetry
- Gravitation interaction with extra dimension and periodic structure of the hadron scattering amplitude
- Particle propagation on spacetime manifolds with static defects
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