Rational symplectic field theory over Z₂ for exact Lagrangian cobordisms

DOI10.4171/JEMS/126MaRDI QIDQ936152zbMATH OpenFDO

Publication date 13 August 2008

Published in Journal of the European Mathematical Society (JEMS) (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/math/0612029, http://www.ems-ph.org/journals/show_pdf.php?issn=1435-9855&vol=10&iss=3&rank=4

zbMATH Keywords

holomorphic curve Lagrangian submanifold Legendrian submanifold symplectic cobordism symplectic field theory

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Lagrangian submanifolds; Maslov index (53D12) Symplectic aspects of Floer homology and cohomology (53D40) Symplectic and contact topology in high or arbitrary dimension (57R17) Floer homology (57R58)

Abstract: We construct a version of rational Symplectic Field Theory for pairs

(X, L)

, where

X

is an exact symplectic manifold, where

L s u b s e t X

is an exact Lagrangian submanifold with components subdivided into

k

subsets, and where both

X

and

L

have cylindrical ends. The theory associates to

(X, L)

a

-graded chain complex of vector spaces over

, filtered with

k

filtration levels. The corresponding

k

-level spectral sequence is invariant under deformations of

(X, L)

and has the following property: if

(X, L)

is obtained by joining a negative end of a pair

(X^{'}, L^{'})

to a positive end of a pair

(X^{″}, L^{″})

, then there are natural morphisms from the spectral sequences of

(X^{'}, L^{'})

and of

(X^{″}, L^{″})

to the spectral sequence of

(X, L)

. As an application, we show that if

L a m b d a s u b s e t Y

is a Legendrian submanifold of a contact manifold then the spectral sequences associated to

(Y i m e s R, L a m b d a_{k}^{s} i m e s R)

, where

Y i m e s R

is the symplectization of

Y

and where

L a m b d a_{k}^{s} s u b s e t Y

is the Legendrian submanifold consisting of

s

parallel copies of

L a m b d a

subdivided into

k

subsets, give Legendrian isotopy invariants of

L a m b d a

.

Review text

Let \(X\) be a symplectic \(2n\)-manifold with a cylindrical ends and \(L\) a Lagrangian \(n\)-submanifold such that outside a compact subset, the pair \((X, L)\) is symplectomorphic to the disjoint union of \((Y^+\times\mathbb R_+, \Lambda^+\times\mathbb R_+)\) and \((Y^-\times\mathbb R_-, \Lambda^-\times\mathbb R_-)\), where \(\Lambda^{\pm}\subset Y^{\pm}\) is a Legendrian \((n-1)\)-submanifold. Let \((\overline X, \overline L)\) denote the compact part of \((X, L)\). The author calls \((X, L)\) an exact cobordism if the symplectic form \(\omega\) on \(X\) satisfies \(\omega=d\beta\) for some \(1\)-form \(\beta\) and \(\beta| _L=df\) for some function \(f\). The author considers a formal disk in \((X, L)\), that is a homotopy class of maps of the 2-disk \(D\) with some marked disjoint closed subintervals in \(\partial D\) into \(\overline X\), where the marked intervals are required to map in orientation preserving (reversing) manner to Reeb chords of \(\partial\overline L\) in the \((+\infty)\)-boundary (in the \((-\infty)\)-boundary) and where the remaining parts of the boundary \(\partial D\) map to \(\overline L\). The action of a Reeb chord is the integral of the contact form \(\beta\) in the \((\pm\infty)\)-boundary along it and the \((+)\)-action of the formal disk is the sum of the actions of its Reeb chords in the \((+\infty)\)-boundary. The author introduces the notion of an admissible formal disk in \((X, L)\) so that if a formal disk determined by a \(J\)-holomorphic disk in \(X\) with boundary on \(L\) is admissible then bubbling is impossible for topological reasons. Let \(\mathbf V(X, L)\) denote the graded vector space over \(\mathbb Z_2\) consisting of all formal sums of admissible disks of \((X, L)\) which contain only a finite number of summands of the \((+)\)-action below any given number and with grading such that the degree of a formal disk is the formal dimension of the moduli space of \(J\)-holomorphic disks homotopic to the formal disk. The filtration \(0\subset F^k\mathbf V(X, L)\subset \cdots\subset F^2\mathbf V(X, L) \subset F^1\mathbf V(X, L)=\mathbf V(X, L)\) with respect to the number \(k\) of pieces of \(L\) is defined where the filtration level is determined by the number of Reeb chords of a formal disk in the \((+\infty)\)-boundary of \((X, L)\). The author defines a differential \(d: \mathbf V(X, L)\to\mathbf V(X, L)\) which counts all admissibe formal disks which are built from the following disks by gluing at Reeb chords: one admissible \(J\)-holomorphic disk in the symplectization of the \((\pm\infty)\)-boundary of degree 1, one copy of the admissible formal disks and any number of admissible \(J\)-holomorphic disk in \((X, L)\) of degree 0. Thus \(d\) increases grading by 1, respects the filtration and is \((+)\)-action non-decreasing. For \(\alpha>0\), the finite \((+)\)-action subspace \(\mathbf V_{[\alpha]}(X, L) \subset\mathbf V(X, L)\) is defined by the subspace of formal sums of admissible disks of \((+)\)-action at most \(\alpha\). The differential \(d\) induces filtration preserving differentials \(d_{\alpha}\) in \(\mathbf V_{[\alpha]}(X, L)\) and the natural projection map \(\pi^{\alpha}_{\beta}: \mathbf V_{[\alpha]}(X, L)\to\mathbf V_{[\beta]}(X, L), \alpha>\beta\) is a filtration preserving chain map. The author obtains the rational admissible SFT spectral sequence \(\{E^{p,q}_{r, [\alpha]}(X, L)\}^k_{r=1}\) as the spectral sequence induced by \(d_{\alpha}\). By restricting the contact form of the contact manifolds at \((\pm\infty)\)-boundary of cobordism, the spectral sequence is invariant under compactly supported deformations (Theorem 1.1). If \(\Lambda\subset Y\) is a Legendrian submanifold of a contact manifold \(Y\) and if \(\Lambda\) is subdivided into pieces \(\Lambda=\Lambda_1\cup\cdots\cup \Lambda_k\subset Y\), then the spectral sequence \(\{E^{p,q}_r(Y, L)\}^k_{r=1}=\underset\alpha{\underleftarrow {\lim}} \{E^{p,q}_{r, [\alpha]}(Y\times\mathbb R, \Lambda\times\mathbb R)\}^k_{r=1}\) gives Legendrian isotopy invariants of \(\Lambda\) (Theorem 1.2).

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