Demagnetization via nucleation of the nonequilibrium metastable phase in a model of disorder

DOI10.1007/S10955-008-9602-3MaRDI QIDQ960159zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Pablo I. Hurtado, J. Marro, P. L. Garrido

Publication date 16 December 2008

Published in Journal of Statistical Physics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/0612675

zbMATH Keywords

disordernucleationavalanchessurface effectsmetastable statenonequilibriumcritical dropletkinetic Ising modelnoise-enhanced stabilityscale-invariant noise

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Dynamic lattice systems (kinetic Ising, etc.) and systems on graphs in time-dependent statistical mechanics (82C20) Statistical mechanics of magnetic materials (82D40) Dynamic critical phenomena in statistical mechanics (82C27) Dynamics of disordered systems (random Ising systems, etc.) in time-dependent statistical mechanics (82C44)

Abstract: We study both analytically and numerically metastability and nucleation in a two-dimensional nonequilibrium Ising ferromagnet. Canonical equilibrium is dynamically impeded by a weak random perturbation which models homogeneous disorder of undetermined source. We present a simple theoretical description, in perfect agreement with Monte Carlo simulations, assuming that the decay of the nonequilibrium metastable state is due, as in equilibrium, to the competition between the surface and the bulk. This suggests one to accept a nonequilibrium "free-energy" at a mesoscopic/cluster level, and it ensues a nonequilibrium "surface tension" with some peculiar low-T behavior. We illustrate the occurrence of intriguing nonequilibrium phenomena, including: (i) Noise-enhanced stabilization of nonequilibrium metastable states; (ii) reentrance of the limit of metastability under strong nonequilibrium conditions; and (iii) resonant propagation of domain walls. The cooperative behavior of our system may also be understood in terms of a Langevin equation with additive and multiplicative noises. We also studied metastability in the case of open boundaries as it may correspond to a magnetic nanoparticle. We then observe burst-like relaxation at low T, triggered by the additional surface randomness, with scale-free avalanches which closely resemble the type of relaxation reported for many complex systems. We show that this results from the superposition of many demagnetization events, each with a well- defined scale which is determined by the curvature of the domain wall at which it originates. This is an example of (apparent) scale invariance in a nonequilibrium setting which is not to be associated with any familiar kind of criticality.

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