On coproducts in varieties, quasivarieties and prevarieties

DOI10.2140/ANT.2009.3.847zbMATH Open1194.08002arXiv0806.1750OpenAlexW2963737635MaRDI QIDQ969255FDOQ969255

Authors: George M. Bergman 

Publication date: 6 May 2010

Published in: Algebra \& Number Theory (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: If the free algebra F on one generator in a variety V of algebras (in the sense of universal algebra) has a subalgebra free on two generators, must it also have a subalgebra free on three generators? In general, no; but yes if F generates the variety V. Generalizing the argument, it is shown that if we are given an algebra and subalgebras, A_0supseteq ... supseteq A_n, in a prevariety (SP-closed class of algebras) P such that A_n generates P, and also subalgebras B_isubseteq A_{i-1} (0<ileq n) such that for each i>0 the subalgebra of A_{i-1} generated by A_i and B_i is their coproduct in P, then the subalgebra of A generated by B_1, ..., B_n is the coproduct in P of these algebras. Some further results on coproducts are noted: If P satisfies the amalgamation property, one has the stronger "transitivity" statement: if A has a finite family of subalgebras (B_i)_{iin I} such that the subalgebra of A generated by the B_i is their coproduct, and each B_i has a finite family of subalgebras (C_{ij})_{jin J_i} with the same property, then the subalgebra of A generated by all the C_{ij} is their coproduct. For P a residually small prevariety or an arbitrary quasivariety, relationships are proved between the least number of algebras needed to generate P as a prevariety or quasivariety, and behavior of the coproduct operation in P. It is shown by example that for B a subgroup of the group S = Sym(Omega) of all permutations of an infinite set Omega, the group S need not have a subgroup isomorphic over B to the coproduct with amalgamation S cP_B S. But under weak additional hypotheses on B, the question remains open.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/0806.1750

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zbMATH Keywords

symmetric groupquasivarietyamalgamation propertyfree algebracoproductprevarietyquasi-identity

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Symmetric groups (20B30) Equational classes, universal algebra in model theory (03C05) Free algebras (08B20) Subdirect products and subdirect irreducibility (08B26) Products, amalgamated products, and other kinds of limits and colimits (08B25) Quasivarieties (08C15)

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