Compact Sobolev embedding theorems involving symmetry and its application
Weak solutions to PDEs (35D30) Nonlinear elliptic equations (35J60) Spaces of measurable functions ((L^p)-spaces, Orlicz spaces, Köthe function spaces, Lorentz spaces, rearrangement invariant spaces, ideal spaces, etc.) (46E30) Sobolev spaces and other spaces of ``smooth functions, embedding theorems, trace theorems (46E35)
Let \(\Omega=\Omega_1\times\Omega_2\subset\mathbb R^N\), where \(\Omega_1\) is a bounded regular domain in \(\mathbb R^m\), \(m\geq 1\), and \(\Omega_2\) is a ball of radius \(R\), centered at the origin in \(\mathbb R^k\), \(k\geq 2\). For \(1<p<N\), set \(p^*=\frac{Np}{N-p}\). Let \(S(\Omega)\) be the space of functions \(u\), real measurable, defined on \(\Omega\) and such that \(u(\overset{.}{~},x_2)= u(\overset{.}{~},|x_2|)\), \(h\) be a nonnegative Hölder continuous function on \(\overline {\Omega}\), with \(h(\overset{.}{~},x_2)= h(\overset{.}{~},|x_2|)\), and \(h(x_1,0)=0\). The following spaces are considered \[ \begin{aligned} L^p_h(\Omega)&=\{u\in L^p(\Omega); \int_{\Omega}h(x)|u(x)|^pdx<\infty\},\\ W^{1,p}_{o,S}(\Omega)&= W^{1,p}_o(\Omega)\cap S(\Omega), \end{aligned} \] equipped with the natural norms. The authors give a sufficient condition on \(h\) for the existence of a positive number \(\tau=\tau(h,p,m,k)\) such that the embedding \(W^{1,p}_{o,S}(\Omega) \hookrightarrow L^q_h(\Omega)\) is compact for all \(q\in(1,p^*+\tau)\). Next, these results are extended to Sobolev spaces with variable exponents \(W^{1,p(x)}_{o,S}(\Omega)\) and \( L^{q(x)}_h(\Omega)\), where \(p,q\in S(\Omega)\) are continuous in \(\overline{\Omega}\), with \(q(x)>1\), \(1<p(x)<N,\forall x\in \overline{\Omega}\). For a definition of the spaces \(W^{m,p(x)}(\Omega)\), see [\textit{O.\,Kovacik} and \textit{J.\,Rakosnik}, Czech.\ Math.\ J.\ 41(116), No.\,4, 592--618 (1991; Zbl 0784.46029)]. An application to the homogeneous Dirichlet problem relative to the \(p(x)\)-Laplacian is investigated.
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