Vector-valued distributions and Hardy's uncertainty principle for operators

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Publication:971963



Abstract: In this paper, we generalise Hardy's uncertainty principle to vector-valued functions, and hence to operators. The principle for operators can be formulated loosely by saying that the kernel of an operator cannot be localised near the diagonal if the spectrum is also localised.


Let \(f\) be a function on \(\mathbb{R}^n\) such that \(\text{exp}(a |\cdot |^2) f\) and \(\text{exp}(b |\cdot |^2) \hat f\) are bounded, where \(a,b>0\) and \(\hat f\) denotes the Fourier transform of \(f\). According to \textit{G. H. Hardy}'s Uncertainty Principle [J. Lond. Math. Soc. 8, 227--231 (1933; Zbl 0007.30403; JFM 59.0425.01)], if \(ab>\pi^2\), then \(f=0\), while if \(ab=\pi^2\), then \(f=c\,\text{exp}(-a |\cdot |^2)\). The paper contains a survey of the most important publications related to this famous result. New interesting generalizations to vector-valued functions and operators are obtained.











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