Quadratic equations with five prime unknowns

DOI10.1016/J.JNT.2004.03.007MaRDI QIDQ1876238zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Stephen Choi, Angel V. Kumchev

Publication date 16 August 2004

Published in Journal of Number Theory (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnt.2004.03.007

zbMATH Keywords

circle methodHardy-Littlewood methodquadratic equationssmall prime solutionsWeyl sums over primes

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Goldbach-type theorems; other additive questions involving primes (11P32) Applications of the Hardy-Littlewood method (11P55)

Review text

Let \(b_1, \cdots , b_5\) be non-zero integers such that \(\gcd (b_i,\, b_j,\, b_k) = 1\) for \(1\leq i < j < k \leq 5\) and \(| b_j| \leq | b_5| \) for \(1\leq j\leq 5\). The authors consider the quadratic equation \[ b_1 p^2_1 + \cdots + b_5 p^2_5 = n\tag{E} \] in the prime variables \(p_1, \, p_2,\, \cdots ,\, p_5\). The main results are: (i) if the \(b_j\)'s are all positive, then the equation (E) is soluble whenever \(n\gg b_5 (b_1 \cdots b_4)^{4+\varepsilon}\); (ii) if the \(b_j\)'s are not all of the same sign, then the equation (E) has solutions in which all \(p_j \ll \sqrt n + | b_1 \cdots b_4| ^{2+\varepsilon}\). Here \(\varepsilon >0\) is arbitrarily small and the implied constants depend only on \(\varepsilon\). These estimates on \(n\) and \(p_j\) improve on earlier works of \textit{M. C. Liu} and the reviewer [Monatsh. Math. 111, No. 2, 147--169 (1991; Zbl 0719.11064)] as well as those of \textit{K. K. Choi} and \textit{J. Y. Liu} [Can. J. Math. 54, No. 1, 71--91 (2002; Zbl 1040.11068)]. The present work also uses the circle method and the improvement arises from sharper estimates for Weyl sums over primes obtained by the second author. More recently the second author and \textit{G. Harman} obtained further improvements in the above results. The exponent 4 in case (i) is reduced to \(7/2\) and the exponent 2 in case (ii) is reduced to \(7/4\) [to appear in Math. Proc. Camb. Philos. Soc.].

Recommendations

• On the Waring-Goldbach problem for fourth and fifth powers
• scientific article; zbMATH DE number 2051982
• The quadratic Waring-Goldbach problem
• Small Prime Solutions of Quadratic Equations
• Small prime solutions of quadratic equations II
• Bombieri-type theorems of nonlinear Weyl sums over primes in short intervals
• Hua’s theorem on sums of five prime squares in arithmetic progressions
• Exponential sums over primes in short intervals
• NEW ESTIMATES FOR WEYL SUMS
• scientific article; zbMATH DE number 5526156

Cites work

• On the Waring–Goldbach Problem: Exceptional Sets for Sums of Cubes and Higher Powers
• On Weyl sums over primes and almost primes
• Small Prime Solutions of Quadratic Equations
• Small prime solutions of quadratic equations II
• Small prime solutions of some additive equations
• The exceptional set of Goldbach's problem

Cited in

(8)

• Small prime solutions of a nonlinear equation
• Small prime solutions of a Diophantine equation with one prime and five cubes of primes
• Diagonal Diophantine equations with small prime variables
• Small solutions of an equation with unequal powers of primes
• Small Prime Solutions of Quadratic Equations
• Small prime solutions to diagonal Diophantine equations
• Small prime solutions of equation with two primes and one k-th power of prime
• On sums of squares of primes. II

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